Question

Write your responses to question on a paper and upload file 1. Draw a simplified diagram of catabolism of glucose, showing the location where each step happens in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. [3.0] 2. What is the importance of NAD+ and FADH+? [2.0]

Answer 1

In bacteria and eukaryotes glycolysis is the most common pathway for the catabolism of glucose; it produces energy and central precursor molecules for carryout the cellular metabolism.

In glycolysis, the six-carbon monosaccharide glucose is converted into two three-carbon molecules of pyruvate.

In pyruvate oxidation, two three-carbon molecules of pyruvate are oxidized to two two-carbon molecules of acetyl CoA and two molecules of CO2.

In the citric acid cycle, two two-carbon molecules of acetyl CoA are oxidized to four molecules of CO2.

But in Prokaryotes, glucose is converted into pyruvate by glycolysis. Then pyruvate is fermented in the absence of co2 and form ethanol or lactic acid.

The simplified diagram given below:-

Glucose) (Glycolysis occuses in the Cytoplasm in both Brok asoyotas & Eukaryotes. Pyrave - O2. Present O2 - abscent Formentation, 1 Pyravate / lonidation / I Mitochondrial matrise in Eukaryotes. Lactic Onidative de carboxylation v acid Or Citric Acid Cycle Ethanol in Prokaryotes. Electron Transport Mitochondrial Linner membrane ATP-synthesis in 1 Eukaryotes. Production of H₂O 4 Col /

Importance of NAD+ - Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) plays various important role in cellular reactions,protect tissues, induce DNA repair. The conversion of NAD from its oxidized form (NAD+) to its reduced form (NADH) and then again reversed, for carryout the accepting and donating electrons.

Importance of FADH+ :- main function is donating or accepting one electron and one proton and also act as co factor for various enzymes.