Question

In Lab 3, Solubility Rules, students identified ionic salts as soluble or insoluble. The solubility of ionic salts is quantified by an equilibrium constant called Ksp, the solubility product. This Ksp refers to the dissolution reaction of the ionic salts.

(a)   Write the dissolution reaction for the ionic solids below. (Use the lowest possible coefficients. Include states-of-matter under the given conditions in your answer.)

1.      BiPO4

BiPO4(s) ? Bi3+(aq) + PO43-(aq)

(it’s wrong)

2.      ZnCO3

ZnCO3(s) ? Zn2+(aq) + CO32-(aq)

(it’s wrong)

(b) The concentration of cations and anions in solution can be predicted from the equation

[cation] = sp

for ionic solids in which the ratio of cation to anion is 1:1. Calculate the [cation] concentration of a saturated solution containing the salts below. Indicate if the reaction prefers reactant or product at equilibrium.

Material                       Ksp                   [cation]                        Equilibrium Preference

NH4Cl                  5.37 x 101                                                   is it reactant or product

BiPO4                   1.31 x 10-23                                                 is it reactant or product

ZnCO3                           1.46 x 10-10                                                 is it reactant or product

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