Question

Paragraph Entamoeba Histolytica 1. How to isolate? 2. What media? 3. Selective growth conditions (least 5). 4. Identifying traits (least 5) 5. Give virulent facts 6. Disease it may cause. 7. How can disease could be treated? S. Give and cite references (least 3) (those help it be pathogenic) least 5)

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Answer 1

ANSWER 2. MEDIA - There are two types of culture media available for isolation of entamoeba spp, xenic and axenic.

xenic cultivation is cultivation of parasite with undefined flora.

modified boeck and drbohlav egg diphasic medium, balamuths medium, jones medium and TYSGM-9 are examples of xenic medium utilized for culture of entamoeba spp.

axenic cultivation is growth of parasites in absence of any unknown flora other than protozoa intended to be grown.

ANSWER 5. VIRULENCE FACTS - 1.Binding to epithelial extracellular matrix via gal lectin and ehstirp, and degradation of MUC2 polymers via secreted cysteine proteases.

2.Subversion of host immune response, following binding of LPPG to host toll-like receptors 2 and 4, via degradation of reactive oxygen species by superoxide dismutase, NADPH-flavin oxidoreductase and peroxiredoxin.

3.capping and shedding of trophozoite surface antigens by host antibodies and lectins, involving cytoskeleton rearrangement to translocate antigen-antibody complexes to uroid of cell for shedding.

4.direct contact between trophozoite and host or bacterial cell, leading to secretion of amoebapore-a,which forms pores in target cell membrane without need for receptor.

5.fe-hydrogenase inhibits immune response by unknown mechanism.

ANSWER 6. Entamoeba histolytica is an ameba that feeds on cells in human colon.

it is cause of amebic dysentery also known as bloody diarrhea as well as colonic ulcerations.

infection is also referred to as amebiasis.

ANSWER 7. TREATMENT - antibiotics are generally given. example -

intestinal infection- nitroimidazole derivatives for trophozoite form of amoeba.

liver abscess - metronidazole plus chloroquine.