Question

How Do Kidneys Work? The functional unit of the mammalian kidney is called a nephron and it is similar to a piece of dialysis tubing. The nephron's chief function is to regulate the concentration of water and soluble substances like sodium salts by filtering the blood. reabsorbing what is needed, and excreting the rest as urine. Quantities of blood plasma that contain dilute amounts of urea are filtered into the nephron. Moving water from the inside of the nephron to the outside increases the concentration of urea in the developing urine. Urea is a much larger molecule than water and, unlike water, cannot pass through the membrane of the nephron, or through dialysis tubing. If you had a dilute solution of urea in water and wanted to concentrate it, how could you use a piece of dialysis tubing, a beaker of salt water, and the procedure from today's lab to accomplish this? Include a labeled drawing in your response. 92 Cell Membrane. Diffusion and Osmosis: Post-Lab Laboratory

Answer 1

ANSWER 5 :-

• Dialysis basically works on the principle of diffusion by means of changes in the concentration gradient.
  urea (solution) Nach solution •Net movement of water into salt solution
  

1. Taking into consideration the process of osmosis, salt solution leads to increase in transfer of water from the external source into the solution depending upon Its structural conformation. In other words, Sodium Chloride attracts water molecules.
2. In the above mentioned scenario, concentration indicates the amount of solute which is urea in the solution. When water is removed, the solute concentration basically tends to increase. So, by means of an osmotic gradient, there will be net movement of water from the dilute solution of urea into the salt solution through the dialysis tube thereby increasing concentration of urea.

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