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QUESTIONS 1. What is meant by a broad-spectrum antibiotic? Which antibiotics used in this lab appear to be broal spectrum 2. Is penicillin a broad-spectrum antibiotic Why or why not? 3. Is an antiseptic the same thing as an antibiotic? Why? 4. Which antibiotie is the most effective and the least effective against the G-n the C+ bacteria Hised in this lab? 5. Consider the following situation. A pharmaceutical company has developed a chemical agent that inhibits the synthesis of the bacterial lipopolysaccharide, Lapid A. (a) Do you predict that this chemical would be more effective against gram-positive or gram-nepitive bacteria? Explain (b) Besides toxicity to bacteria, what other properties of this chemical will determine whether or not it can be used as an antibiotie? a by.D. led Mirbagy Laboratory Manual by Barnes and Brand and Bad Comorphis Merb

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Answer 1

1. Broad spectrum antibiotic can kill both gram positive and gram negative bacteria or an antibiotic which kills majority of disease causing bacteria. Ampicillin, Chloramphenicol, tetracyclin, streptomycin, erythromycin, neomycin, and kanamycin are the broad spectrum antibiotics used in this lab.

2. Penicillin is not a broad spectrum antibiotic. It can act against only gram positive bacteria.

3. Antiseptics and antibiotics are not same. An antibiotic can kill a bacteria but an antiseptic can only slow down the growth of bacteria instead of killing.

4. Penicillin is the most effective antibiotic used against gram positive bacteria and the same is the least effective for gram negative bacteria.

5. Lipo polysaccharide found in the outer membrane of the gram negative bacteria. So this chemical would affect the gram negative bacteria more than the gram positive.

6. Besides the toxicity to bacteria, it should not be toxic and cause allergic response to human beings.