Question

Slide 12A: State key features and identify the organ. What is the function of the identified organ?

it's urgent please

Answer 1

The image is histological slide of kidney. the renal parenchyma consist of four parts : glomeruli, tubules, interstitium and blood vessels.

The kidney has two layers; an outer cortex and inner medulla. It has around one million urine-producing nephrons. Urine is collected into a system of renal calyces, which is a series of distinctive chambers within a kidney. Calyces gradually increase in size, starting with the minor calyces, which open into larger major calyces, which empty into the renal pelvis. From the renal pelvis, the urine passes into the ureter. The part of the kidney which consist of the calyces, renal pelvis, ureter and renal vessels is called the renal sinus.

The renal cortex is the outer layer of the kidney tissue. It is darker than its underlying renal medulla because it receives over 90% of the kidney blood supply. The cortex has a granular appearance, as it mostly contains ovoid and coiled parts of the nephrons.

The renal medulla appears striped, as it contains vertical nephron structures. It consists of renal pyramids separated by projections of the renal cortex. The apices of the pyramids project towards the renal pelvis and open into the minor calyces via perforated plates on their surfaces. Each renal pyramid, with its surrounding cortical tissue, forms a renal lobe. Renal lobes are further divided into renal lobules. Each lobule consists of a group of nephrons emptying into one collecting duct. These structures can be observed in a section of the kidney.

Function of kidney

• Maintaining overall fluid balance
• Filtering waste materials from food, medications, and toxic substances
• Creating hormones that help produce red blood cells, promote bone health, and regulate blood pressure
• Regulating and filtering minerals from blood
• Produce an active form of vitamin D that promotes strong, healthy bones
• Controls the production of red blood cells.
• ETC.