Question

The pituitary gland is located at the base of the hypothalamus. The pituitary gland is made up of two lobes, each controlled by the hypothalamus by different mechanisms. Identify each characteristic as applying to hypothalamic control of either the anterior pituitary or the posterior pituitary. Anterior pituitary Posterior pituitary possesses receptors for hypothalamic neurohormones blood portal system between pituitary and hypothalamus neurohormones travelling loypothalamic son for storage directly interconnected with hypothalamus through an axontract releases stored hormones in response to hypothalamic nerve impuls sizes and secretes hormones in response to hypothalamic hormonal signal

Answer 1

Answer:

Sr. No.	Anterior pituitary	Posterior pituitary
1	Possesses receptors for hypothalamic neurohormones	Directly interconnected with hypothalamus through axon tract
2	Blood portal system between pituitary and hypothalamus	Neurohormones travel along hypothalamic axons for storage
3	Synthesizes and secretes hormones in response to hypothalamic hormonal signal	Releases stored hormones in response to hypothalamic nerve impulse

Explanation: Anterior pituitary (adenohypophysis) and posterior pituitary (neurohypophysis) are two lobes of the pituitary gland. Pituitary gland is one of the major endocrine glands of the body which is connected directly to the hypothalamus. Anterior pituitary occupies 75% of the pituitary gland and rest 25% is posterior pituitary.

The hormones which are synthesized and secreted by anterior pituitary are growth hormone (GH), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), luteinising hormone (LH) and prolactin.

The synthesis of these hormones is under the control of set of hypothalamic hormones.

Posterior pituitary does not synthesize any hormone, it only stores and secretes the hormones coming from hypothalamus. The two hormones secreted by posterior pituitary are oxytocin and vasopressin.