Question

1. Jenny wants to do an online study that requires father and child to complete the questionnaire together. Which of the following is the best advice for mailing it on line?

	a.	Send it on a weekend when both parent and child are likely to be home together
	b.	Send it in the morning so that it is waiting for the child to return home from school and the father to return home from work
	c.	Send it first thing Monday morning because they will have the rest of the week to complete it

2. The design diagramed below

R = random assignment; O = observation (pre or posttest); and X = experimental stimulus or treatmen.  

R    O1 X   O2

R    O3 O4

R          X   O5

R O6

	a.	treats O as the old study technique
	b.	treats O as the new study technique
	c.	is a Solomon design
	d.	is a static-group comparison design

3. In experimental research, randomization means that

	a.	Study subjects are randomly selected only for the experimental group
	b.	Study subjects are matched in socio-demographic characteristics for both experimental and control groups
	c.	Study subjects are randomly selected and placed into both the experimental and control groups
	d.	Study subjects are randomly selected only for the control group

Answer 1

Answer 1. - a) send it on a weekend when both parent and child are likely to be home together.

Answer 2. - c) is a Solomon design.

Explanation -

Solomon Four Group Design

Developed by Solomon (1949), is a combination of the posttest only design and pretest-posttest design. It controls the threat of external validity.

Four groups are randomly set & two simultaneous experiments are conducted & hence advantages of replication are available. The effect of X treatment is replicated in four ways: O2>O1, O2>O4, O5>O6 & O4>O3. It increases the external validity or generalizability.

Diagram

R	O1	X	O2
R	O3		O4
R		X	O5
R			O6

Answer 3 - c) Study subjects are randomly selected and placed into both the experimental and control groups.

Note - The random allocation of subjects to groups (it ensures that the groups will be equal in all respects).