Question

3. What are the 4 mai detail. sources/mechanisms of anaerobic metabolism? Please describe each in The 4 main sources/mechanisma ot anaerobic reraboli am are Glyeoio, Phosphocreatine Hydra lys ATP/PCR and lactarte

Answer 1

Glycolysis is a process that describes the breakdown of glucose or glycogen. During glycolysis the NAD+ is reduced to NADH but in anaerobic conditions the NADH is oxidized to NAD+ in which pyruvate and protons (hydrogen ions) are produced .Under anaerobic conditions pyruvate undergoes either lactic acid fermentation or alcohol fermentation.

Lactate: Lactate is produced from pyruvate only under anaerobic conditions. The pyruvate product of glycolysis under anaerobic conditions gives lactate and NAD+ under the enzyme lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). The NAD+ is further used for glycolysis. In this reaction the hydrogen ions and the NADH molecule is transferred to the pyruvate molecule yielding NAD+

Phosphocreatine Hydroysis: Phosphocreatine(PC) is broken down by the enzyme creatine kinase under anaerobic conditions into Creatine and Pi and donates a phosphate group to ADP to form ATP. The creatine is processed by the liver into creatinine and eliminated through the kidneys and urine.

ATP-PC system:  The ATP stored is broken down to release energy and it leaves by-products ADP and one single phosphate (Pi) . Phosphocreatine (PC) is then broken down by the enzyme creatine kinase into Creatine and Pi.The energy released in the breakdown of PC allows ADP and Pi to rejoin forming more ATP. This newly formed ATP can now be broken down to release energy. ATPase enzyme assists in the synthesis of new ATP rather than the breakdown.