Question

Compound 12: CH (all carbons in the ring) NUMBER OF ELECTRONS NUMBER OF BONDS Valence Electrons Bonding Electrons Non-bonding Electrons Points Single Double Triple Points NG 1 Info NG 0.75 Info GEOMETRY/HYBRIDIZATION Use the Geometry Key to enter the Hybridization, Electronic Geometry and Molecular Geometry Number of Electron Groups Hybridization Electronic Geometry Molecular Geometry NG 0.5 Info NG 0.5 Info NG 0.5 Info NG 0.75 Info 3D DRAWING Use the instructions at the top of the page to draw / upload a 3D representation of CHA (all carbons in the ring) NG 1 Edit Answer

Answer 1

                HYBRIDIZATION =SP2

At ground stage electronic configuration of carbon is 1s2, 2s2, 2px1, 2py1 . The carbon atom will enter into an excited state and the electron configuration will also change to become 1s2, 2s1, 2px1, 2py1, 2pz1. Now when the electron is promoted from the 2s to the empty 2p orbital, we will get 4 unpaired electrons. These electrons will be used in the formation of the bonds. For, hybridisation to occur the outer orbitals are used. Three of the carbon orbitals are used rather than all four. In this, 1 s orbital and two p orbitals are hybridized and form three sp2 hybridized orbitals. Each of the carbon atoms will form sigma bonds with two other carbons and one hydrogen atom.

Benzene Molecular Geometry

c-CH - I

The carbon atoms in the benzene ring are arranged in a trigonal planar geometry. The hybrid orbitals are arranged at an angle of 120° to each other in a plane while the p orbitals are at right angles to them.