Question

Instructions:

Complete the following study guide

1. For the following hypothetical situations make a prediction about potential functional impact for the individual:

         Gallbladder removal

         Hyposecretion of secretin

         Vagotomy (severing of the vagus nerve) proximal to the stomach

         Lack of receptors for leptin on cells of the body

2. For each of the following digestive enzymes identify which organ or gland it is produced in/secreted by, what stimulus drives the release of that enzyme, and which macromolecules it plays a role in digesting:

Enzyme	Secreted by	Stimulated by	Digests
Peptidases
Chymotrypsin
Salivary amylase
Sucrase
Trypsin
Lactase
Pancreatic amylase
Pepsin
Maltase
Carboxypeptidase
Enterokinase
Intestinal lipase
Nucleases
Pancreatic lipase

3) Based on your understanding of nitrogen balance identify which condition exists in each of the following examples:

• An anorexic patient is rapidly losing skeletal muscle tissue
• A weight lifter who is increasing lean body mass
• A pregnant woman proceeding through a healthy pregnancy
• A serious burn victim who is receiving protein supplements but still losing weight

4) Jacob has been working a much longer shift than he expected and is very hungry. He is slightly hypoglycemic; luckily, he has no pathology that prevents his body from reacting appropriately. Predict what hormonal changes can be expected in Jacob in response to his low blood glucose levels, the effect that hormone will have within the body, and the specific fuel source that his cells will utilize for their metabolic needs in response to this situation.

Answer 1

Gaul Gallbladde memoval → yall bladder is the organ that Stores bile , So a person can live a normal life after removal of bladden , as adequate amount of bile can flow 18 liver and through bile ducts to intestine without having enter to gallbladder fest. people do not face any problem fleu cremoval out So most people do not face of gall bladder liis Hybo secretion of secetin - S-cell of mucous memberane of duodenum produce the protein hormone, it stimulate pancreas to Produce pancreatic juice gt maintain watey Homeostasis throughout the body and regulate pH of duodenum ; provide alkaline environment. So if secretin is secreted in lees amount cell of duodenum may be damaged as PH is not maintained i food is not degested as Mequired pH is not present 3) vagotomy proximal to Stomach This deneuvate the acid producing part of stomach Remove vagus never this would treat of prevent Peptic ulcer but person suffer from vomiting, deemping, diarrhoea. lack of receptor for leptin on cells of body - 47

Leptin is hormone hormone that that regulate regulate aa adipose cell mass This particular hormone helps regulate a alter long term food intake and energy expendeture maintain body weight If leptin ureceptor are absent on cell a person become obese no blance to maintain body weight