Question

In most circuits the resistance of wires is negligible. Over long distances, however, it can become significant. Imagine a 160 km long cable from the power plant. It is 0.9 cm diameter and made of aluminum, with resistivity of 2.65x10m. It carries current to light your 60 W light bulb which is connected to your 120 V outlet. a) What is the resistance of the cable from your power plant? R- b) How much current goes through your light bulb? c) If this current is carried over the long distance from the power plant, what is the voltage drop along the wire due to its resistance? d) Calculate the line loss, the rate at which electrical energy is lost due to heating of the cable. Plost e) The total power the utility sends is the power of the light bulb plus the line loss for the two lines of the series circuit. PTotal f What is the efficiency of this configuration, the power of the light bulb over the total power? This line loss is clearly unacceptable and why electrical power is not distributed as a low-voltage DC circuit.

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