Question

Q.1 Explain the meaning of the two additional terms in the van der Waals equation compared to the Ideal Gas equation. Explain how one of the terms is related to the Lennard-Jones potential.

Answer 1

Ansverthe ideal gas ao is baue d o assumbon boint objet doeandt take ub sbace and One mole cales aodo not interac ieh ooker Molecale Orre his hat Ohis ao mole cules are pegacty lauctc no chongs in lielite etrg duing collision) /Dheg however nteractuoi0h3ke Nafhematialln i is given a simblies erLec tie g oall ang temberahue ot moles nno. ed by n moles V Volume occupi R aUniverlal gas conttand I reali, he meal as molecule is not a boist object. hen take sbace on hein 0an . .. lo account 「 0his volle of aas molecules he volume n ideal mole cules

here b accounts or e volume occupred one mole omole cules The ealA attrect eath oher due to intermole culor adthracion. To account for is idanl ag lau s odtiueton ts second m made uaカ attraction, Theトrenove observedin real gas en ure is modspied by introducing a terra _a2. equation ( İnaly becomes natty >> The vander waa{ a molar volume op aas b Lemmar d Somes potential is Uke boter tha o he interachon behoeen to D 亼ebarated b't a distance ene The corredted tem in volumeie b is suop b is Su erm volume e ose d to be equal t volume ocecwnie d b -oge

hard molecule bot oJherbis Jour nes he volume oat ndecule rener Contider a hord sphere o Tadius γ, . T e volume excluded ba ophere cortuinig et d be he awerege dhameter too spheres 3 3 3 e volume exclude arde 1 Accordin to Lennard Jones hotential mere iaoinal inter parhce dehante iwhich Ne (キがces between two horticle, ahe attractive Thus b=4x actual volume is Okeybber ophma e upber xpenimental values lower ar onis in ejuahionue to Lemar dones botental Sho n