Question

Cloud computing gives a big impact in human life nowadays especially in managing and processing massive data remotely. The idea of Cloud has been evolved and shifted to a newly emerged technology known as Blockchain, where transactions and businesses can be done transparently using digital money (or cryptocurrency). a) Discuss TWO security issues that need to be addressed in the Cloud and Blockchain architecture respectively. [10 marks] b) Propose solutions for the security issues mentioned in (a). [10 marks]

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Cloud computing gives a big impact in human life nowadays especially in managing and processing massive data remotely. The idea of Cloud has been evolved and shifted to a newly emerged technology known as Blockchain, where transactions and businesses can be done transparently using digital money (or cryptocurrency).

a) Discuss TWO security issues that need to be addressed in the Cloud and Blockchain architecture respectively. [10 marks] Issues in Cloud Computing:- Security and unauthorized access Employee negligence and unauthorized access through misuse of employee credentials are some of the significant security threats in cloud computing. Modern employees might log in to cloud solutions from their mobile phones, home tablets, and home desktop PCs, making the system vulnerable to many external threats. Insecure interfaces and APIs Application programming interfaces (APIs) helps customers with customization of their cloud experience. However, APIs can be a threat to cloud security due to their nature. Not only do they provide companies with the ability to customize the features of their cloud services to suit business needs; they also offer data recognition, access, and effective encryption of data. APIs can serve different purposes to developers to ease out their life but can also leave many exploitable security risks leading to an infrastructure vulnerable to threats. Issues in Blockchain Technology Software Flaws: Any software using blockchain technology should go over code reviews, penetration testing, and smart contract audits in order to test the software and find out flaws. There was a loss of $24 million last year due to this blockchain security issue. Malware: Cryptojacking causes performance issues, increases electricity usage, and opens the door for other hostile code due to the unauthorized and unnoticeable takeover of computer. There was a loss of multi-millions last year due to this blockchain security issue.

b) Propose solutions for the security issues mentioned in (a). [10 marks] Solution for the issues of Cloud Computing Security and unauthorized access The traditional username and password combination is often insufficient to protect user accounts from hackers, and stolen credentials is one of the main ways hackers get access to your on-line business data. Once they have your user credentials, they can log into all those cloud-based applications and services that you use every day to run your business. Protect yourself with multi-factor authentication - also known as two-factor authentication - to ensure that only authorized personnel can log in to your cloud apps and access that sensitive data. MFA is one of the cheapest yet most effective ways of keeping would-be hackers from accessing your cloud applications. In fact, most security experts will tell you that its now considered negligent if you DON'T implement MFA Insecure interfaces and APIs Real-time monitoring and analysis of user activities can help you spot irregularities that deviate from normal usage patterns, e.g., log in from a previously unknown IP or devices. These abnormal activities could indicate a breach in your system so catching them early on can stop hackers in their tracks and allow you to fix security issues before they cause mayhem. Solution for the issues of Blockchain Technology Software Flaws: In order to prevent software flaws, it is necessary to check if it has been audited for any flaws or loopholes by a third party when you use any blockchain-based software. In addition, security protection in your own set is necessary, too. Malware: In order to prevent malware attacks, being vigilant is very important. You should frequently check if you have any mysterious programs running through the task manager and run regular security checks to ensure that it hasn’t been injected with malware if you operate a website.