Question

Q2. Nitric oxide, NO, is a covalent compound that serves several important roles in the body. Draw an electron dot representation of the NO molecule, showing a double bond between the atoms.

Q3. The covalent compound acetylene, which is the fuel of the oxyacetylene torch used by welders, has the molecular formula C2H2. The covalent compound benzene, a commercial solvent, has the molecular formula C6H6. Each of these covalent compounds contains carbon and hydrogen atoms in a one-to-one ratio. Would it be correct to write the chemical formulas of each as CH? Explain.

Q4. You have a mixture of two different liquid compounds and you attempt to separate them from each other by fractional distillation. You find, however, that no matter how carefully you distill them and no matter how complex and intricate a distillation apparatus you use, you cannot separate the two components. What can you conclude about these two liquids?

Q5. Adding concentrated sulfuric acid, a very strong acid and a very powerful dehydrating agent, to powdered table sugar effectively and dramatically dehydrates the sucrose, forming water and a black, brittle substance resembling badly charred wood. The reaction is vigorous and evolves considerable heat—enough heat, in fact, to convert the newly removed water into steam. What is the brittle, black solid formed from the sucrose by this dehydration?

Q6. Certain foods, including legumes (beans, lentils, soy, etc.) are known to cause gas because the body lacks enzymes that help hydrolyze certain carbohydrates, such as raffinose and tachyose, that are present in these foods. These undigested carbohydrates pass through the digestive system to the lower intestine, where microorganisms help degrade them. In doing so, they produce gaseous compounds, such as hydrogen, carbon dioxide, and methane. The active ingredient in Beano, a dietary additive intended to reduce gas, is alpha-galactosidase. a. Based on the suffix of this name, what type of compound is this?

b. Also based on this name, predict what monosaccharide is liberated when raffinose and stachyose are broken down.

Q7. Protons and neutrons each have a molar mass of 1 g/mol. a. How many total moles of protons and neutrons combined are there in a person weighing 155 pounds (lb)? (2.2 lb = 1.0 kg) Assume that the person’s electrons make a negligible contribution to her weight. b. How many total protons and neutrons combined does this represent?