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During both DNA replication and PCR the DNA double helix must be unwound. Explain how this...

During both DNA replication and PCR the DNA double helix must be unwound. Explain how this is achieved during each process.
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  • In both DNA replication and PCR ( polymerase chain reaction) the unwinding of DNA is different.
  • In PCR the Denaturation is the first step that make the double stranded DNA to single stranded DNA. In this step the temperature is provided should always greater than 90•C.
  • But the DNA replication takes place under body temperature, thus the DNA double stranded unwind with the help of enzymes only. Topoisomerase relieves the strain in the DNA double helix and make ready for  helicase to unwind the double strand. Single stranded binding protein (stablize DNA strand) and gyrase (hold DNA strands) prevent rewinding of the DNA.

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