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State what happens to DNA as the sodium chloride (NaCl) concentration is increased in a solution...

State what happens to DNA as the sodium chloride (NaCl) concentration is increased

in a solution or buffer. Further, explain the biochemical events that take place in order for the phenomenon to occur.

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Answer #1

High sodium chloride in buffer induces DNA breakage.

Buffer is used to solublize DNA while preventing it from degradation. Salt present in buffer neutralize the charge of DNA's sugar phosphate and makes the DNA less soluble in water.  Sodium chloride ( NaCl ) can be used to adjust the pH of buffers. High NaCl induce breakage of DNA and is repaired when NaCl is lowered. The increasing concentration of NaCl in a solution , damages the DNA and eventually breakers it.  The high NaCl also causes accumulation of double strand breaking of DNA in S and G2 phase of cell cycle and thus repairing will inhibited .

Cations sheild negatively charged phosphate and eliminate the repulsion force between 2 parallel strands of DNA at high concentration of salt during renaturation.

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