Question

1. Describe the 3 phases of interphase and what occurs during each phase?

2. Compare and contrast mitosis and meiosis?

3. What is a phenotypic ratio?

4. What is a genotypic ratio?

5. What is Mendel's law of independent assortment?

Answer 1

1. Describe the 3 phases of interphase and what occurs during each phase?

Phase	Function
G1 phase	Cell growth and necessary protein for DNA replication
S phase	DNA duplication / DNA replication
G2 phase	Proteins and factors required for mitosis

2. Compare and contrast mitosis and meiosis?

Mitosis	Meiosis
Cells obtained in the end are genetically identical to parents and other daughter cells	Cells obtained in the end are genetically non-identical
Two daughter cells are obtained in the end	4 daughter cells are obtained in the end
Chromosome number remains the same	Reduction in chromosomal number
Involved in an increase in growth and cell number	Involved in gamete formation

in both meiosis and mitosis, new cells are created and DNA replicates once. Mitosis and meiosis 2 are very similar.

3. What is a phenotypic ratio?

The ratio obtained from the phenotype of offsprings is called phenotypic ratio. Phenotype is the physical appearance due to genes present in the cell.

4. What is a genotypic ratio?

Genotypic is the ratio obtained from the genotype of offsprings. The genotype is genetic makeup of offsprings/cell.

Parents- Tall pea ( Tt) and Dwarf pea (tt)

Gametes- T and t; t and t

	T	t
t	Tt	tt
t	Tt	tt

Genotypic ratio- Tt:tt- 1:1

Phenotypic ratio- Tall: dwarf - 1:1

5. What is Mendel's law of independent assortment?

This law states that two different traits are separated independently of each other. for example gene for seed color and seed shape will segregate independently of each other. Separation of a gene of one pair independent of other pairs at the time of gamete formation.

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