Question

I know the right answers by using a compiler. However, can you please explain each step and how you get the correct answer. Thank you in advance.

Output:

E = 1
F = 7
G = 11
H = 14
W = 5
X = 6

Problem 7

#include <iostream>

#include <cmath>

using namespace std;

void F1(int,int,int,int&);

void F2(int,int&,int&,int&);

int main ( void )

{ int E=1,F=2,G=3,H=4,W=5,X=6;

   F1(E,F,G,H);

   F2(E,F,G,H);

   cout << "E = " << E << "\nF = " << F << endl;

   cout << "G = " << G << "\nH = " << H << endl;

   cout << "W = " << W << "\nX = " << X << endl;

   return 0;

}

void F1(int E,int F,int G,int& H)

{ E=4;

    F=3;

    G+=E;

    H+=F;

}

void F2(int W,int& X,int& Y,int& Z)

{ W=8;

    X=7;

    Y+=W;

    Z+=X;

}

Answer 1

Please find below the explanation:

1. Intitial Values: E = 1, F = 2, G = 3, H = 4, W = 5, X = 6;
2. Function F1:
   1. Function Call : F1(E, F, G, H);
   2. Function Defintion F1 :
   • void F1(int E, int F, int G, int& H) { // The Values of E, F, G will not change as only value is passed. Where as for H, address of H(&H) is referenced therefore the values will be reflected in main()
     E = 4; // In F1(): E = 4, In main(): E = 1  
     F = 3; // In F1(): F = 3, In main(): F = 2  
     G += E;   // In F1(): G = 3, In main(): G = 3  
     H += F;   // In F1(): H = 3, In main(): H = H + F = 4 + 3 = 7
     }
3. Current Values:  E = 1, F = 2, G = 3, H = 7, W = 5, X = 6;
4. Function Defintion F1 :
   1. Function Call : F2(E, F, G, H);
   2. Function Defintion F2 :
      • void F2(int W, int& X, int& Y, int& Z) {
      • F2() W is main() E
      • F2() X is main() F
      • F2() Y is main() G
      • F2() X is main() H
      • // The Value of E will not change as only value is passed. Where as for F, G, H, address of F(&X), G(&Y), H(&Z) is referenced therefore the values will be reflected in main()
        W = 8; // In F2(): W = 8, In main(): E = 1
        X = 7;   // In F2(): X = 7, In main(): F = 7
        Y += W; // In F2(): Y = Y + W = 3 + 8 = 11, In main(): G = 11
        Z += X;   // In F2(): Z = Z + X = 7 + 7 = 14, In main(): H = 14
        }
5. Final Values:  E = 1, F = 7, G = 11, H = 14, W = 5, X = 6;