Question

In following the development of life on Earth, what evolutionary phenomena can we track in the genome that appeared to have significantly escalated the increase in organism complexity?

1. Parents producing ample offspring

2. Moving from unicellular to multicellular life

3. Appearance of non-coding RNA

4. Appearance of non-coding DNA

5. Appearance of mitochondria

Answer 1

Answer:

The appearance of the non-coding DNA in the genome of an organism have significantly escalated the increase in the complexity of an organisms. The word non-coding in the prefix of DNA refers that the particular DNA does not encodes the protein sequence which means these non-coding DNA does not produce m-RNA which is essential step of protein synthesis.

Major part of the DNA of the organism is non-coding DNA. Previously it was thought to believe that these non -coding DNA does not perform any function. But these non-coding DNA helps in

a) cutting and splicing of DNA,

b) it helps in rearrangement of genome,

c) transposon reassembly

d) small RNA production

There are many other functions of these non-coding DNA which increases the complexity of an organism.