Question

Please assume that you are creating a product. For your product, please perform the following:

1) Identify at least ten costs related to your product (Direct materials, Direct labor, Overhead, Period costs) - you much use each category at least once. Determine the value of each of these costs on a per unit level. Refer to lecture for additional explanation.

2) List each of your costs to determine the Total Product cost of your product.

3) Determine a reasonable Sales price for your product.

4) Determine the amount of Target profit you would like to earn from this product for each of the next three years.

5) Calculate Break-even based on your Target profit for each of the three years.

6) Create a proforma Income statement for each of the three years.

To receive credit, please ensure that your product is different than other students in the class.

Answer 1

	Product chosen: Manufacture and sale of T shirts
1	Costs related to the product:
	Category	Particulars	Total cost (Normal capacity = 1000 units)	Cost per unit ($)
	Direct materials	Cloth (1 meter per unit)	50000	50
	Direct materials	Thread (1 bundle per unit)	20000	20
	Direct labour	2 hours per unit @ 20 per hour	40000	40
	Overheads (Variable)	Electricity charges (10 per unit)	10000	10
		Selling commission (3 per unit)	3000	3
	Period costs	Factory Rent	12000	12
		Factory Insurance	12000	12
		Equipment Insurance	15000	15
		Depreciation (p.m.)	10000	10
		Supervisor salary	10000	10

2	Total product cost (per unit)
	Direct material cost (50+20)	70
	Direct labour	40
	Variable overheads (10+3)	13
	Total factory cost	123
	Fixed expenses (at normal capacity)
	Factory Rent	12
	Factory Insurance	12
	Equipment Insurance	15
	Depreciation (p.m.)	10
	Supervisory salary	10
	Total fixed costs	59
	Total expenses	182
4	Target profit (25% on cost)	46
3	Sales price (182+25%)	228

	Year 1	Year 2	Year 3
Target units	1000	1100	1200
Sales (228 per unit)	228000	250800	273600
Direct costs:
Material (50 +20 per unit)	70000	77000	84000
Labour (40 per unit)	40000	44000	48000
Prime cost	110000	121000	132000
Add: Variable overheads
Electricity charges (10 per unit)	10000	11000	12000
Selling commission (3 per unit)	3000	3300	3600
Total variable cost	13000	14300	15600
Contribution (Sales - Prime cost - Variable costs)	105000	115500	126000
Less: Fixed expenses
Factory Rent	12000	14000	16000
Factory Insurance	12000	12000	12000
Equipment Insurance	15000	15000	15000
Depreciation (p.m.)	10000	10000	10000
Supervisor salary	10000	10000	10000
Total fixed expenses	59000	61000	63000
Net profit / -Loss	46000	54500	63000
Breakeven (units) = Fixed costs / Contribution per unit
Fixed costs	59000	51000	53000
Contribution per unit	105	105	105
Break even (units)	562	486	505
Break even (Sales)	120809.5	104428.6	108523.8

Proforma Income Statement	Year 1	Year 2	Year 3
Revenue	228000	250800	273600
Less: Cost of goods sold	123000	135300	147600
Gross profit	105000	115500	126000
Less: Fixed expenses
Factory Rent	12000	14000	16000
Factory Insurance	12000	12000	12000
Equipment Insurance	15000	15000	15000
Depreciation (p.m.)	10000	10000	10000
Supervisory salary	10000	10000	10000
Net income	46000	54500	63000