Question

List the layers of the OSI model under the basic communications model. Include the main TCP/IP protocols for key layers. In additional list the various common devices and on which layer(s) they live (example: switches, hubs, routers, gateway, etc.)

Answer 1

OSI Model

The TCP/IP model is a concise version of the OSI model. It contains four layers, unlike seven layers in the OSI model. The layers are:

1. Process/Application Layer
2. Host-to-Host/Transport Layer
3. Internet Layer
4. Network Access/Link Layer

The diagrammatic comparison of the TCP/IP is as follows :

Repeater – A repeater operates at the physical layer.

Bridge – A bridge operates at data link layer.

Switch – A switch is a multi port bridge with a buffer and a design that can boost its efficiency(large number of ports imply less traffic) and performance. Switch is data link layer device.

Routers – A router is a device like a switch that routes data packets based on their IP addresses. Router is mainly a Network Layer device.

Gateway – A gateway operates at network layer.