Question

1. What is meant by Anabolic Processes as opposed to Catabolic Processes?

2. What is the process of “Glycolysis” and compare this process to the process

of “Gluconeogenesis”.

3. What are the products that are generated from the process of “Glycolysis”?

4. What are the three enzymatic points at which “Glycolysis” is regulated?

  5. What happens to Pyruvate as a product of Glycolysis when OXYGEN is not

  available?

Answer 1

1 Anabolic process includes all the pathways which leads to the synthesis of large amount of products by utilising energy. whereas , catabolic pathway simply means breakdown of larger molecules by utilising energy to form products.

2. Glycolysis is the process of conversion of one molecule of glucose to 2molecules of pyruvate , ATP and NADH .

(GLYCOLYSIS)

Here raw material is glucose .

This provides a net gain of 2 ATPs.

Ittakes place in the cytoplasm.

It mainly focuses on energy production.

(GLUCONEOGENESIS)

gluconeogenesis is the process of production of glucose from non -carbohydrate sources.

Here raw material may be lactic acid or amino acid.

It takes place mainly in liver and sometimes in kidney.

This process helps in regulation of blood glucose level.

3. Products of glycolysis- 2 ATP

2 NADH

2 pyruvate.

4.. enzymatic point of glycolysis regulation are - (a) hexokinase which converts glucose to glucose -6 phosphate by utilising 1ATP molecule.

(b) phosphofructo kinase - it converts fructose -6-phosphate to fructose1,6 bisphosphate.

(c) pyruvate kinase - it converts phosphoenol pyruvate to pyruvate by releasing 1ATP .

5. when oxygen. is not available pyruvate enters the anaerobic respiratory pathway in which it gets converted to lactic acid to produce NAD+ to continue glycolysis.