Question

1. LDL and HDL?

2. Angina? what it causes?

3. Peristalsis dysfunction? Motility diorders? Achalasia?

4. Acute Pancreatitis?

Answer 1

Ans-1) LDL stands for low-density lipoproteins. These are also known as bad cholesterol as they are harmful for the body. It is called bad cholesterol because it forms plaques in the arteries and therefore blocks them. It is known as atherosclerosis that may eventually lead to stroke or heart attack if left untreated.

Whereas, HDL stands for high-density lipoproteins. These are known as good cholesterol because they are beneficial for the body. It transports excess bad cholesterol to the liver to be expelled from our body. Hence, it helps in removing bad cholesterol from our body and increases good cholesterol that are useful for the proper functioning of the brain and all other vital organs of the body.

Ans-2) Angina is a kind of pain in the chest that is caused due to reduced flow of blood in the heart. It is usually a symptom that arises in coronary artery disease. It causes deposition of plaques in the arteries leading to atherosclerosis.

Ans-3) Peristalsis dysfunction is a kind of motility disorder in which the food does not pass through the esophagus properly because contraction does not occur in a coordinated manner that disturbs the peristaltic movement of the food. This leads to a variety of digestive issues.

Motility disorders are the disorders that arise when there is problem with the persistaltic movement of the food in the esophagus. This can happen due to various factors. Peristaltic dysfunction is one such type of motility disorder.

Achalasia is a disease that occurs rarely in the muscle of the lower esophageal body and the lower esophageal sphincter. This does not allow the relaxation of the sphincter and causes an absence of peristaltic movement of the esophagus.

Ans-4) Acute pancreatitis is a sudden inflammation of the pancreas. It is mainly caused due to formation of gallstones or alcohol abuse. It can be either mild or life threatening. The occurance of severe pain in the abdomen is the predominant symptom.