Information about the study population and study design can help with the minimization of:
a. Selection bias and random error b. Random error and confounding c. Selection bias and confounding d. None of the above
option C is correct
Selection bias and confounding
(since random error will always be there in the sampling)
Information about the study population and study design can help with the minimization of: a. Selection...
16)Define internal validity: a. The extent to which we can draw causal conclusions about a study such as random and systematic error, confounding, and selection bias b. Exchangeability or how comparable the study group is to otherand explains generalizability or transportability 17. Define external validity: a. The extent to which we can draw causal conclusions about a study such as random and systematic error, confounding, and selection bias b. Exchangeability or how comparable the study group is to otherand explains...
2. Which two study designs are best suited for establishing temporality? | 3. In the first of two steps to determining causal inference, epidemiologists must determine is an association is free of bias, confounding, and random error. a) What is confounding and explain which epidemiological study design is best for controlling confounding, b) In studies in which random assignment is not possible, how might blas due to a known confounder be minimized. Describe four methods. c) What is selection bias...
A study design method to control confounding that involves the selection of study subjects that only fall within one type or stratum is called: a) Multivariate modeling b) Stratification c) Matching d) Restriction
The authors of a cross-sectional study hypothesized that lack of regular exercise is associated with obesity in children. Their study of 12 children in Michigan, however, failed to show a statistically significant association between exercise habits and obesity (OR = 1.9, p = 0.11). Is this A) Selection Bias, B) Confounding, C) Information Bias, D) Random Error Part B. Please Provide a rationale for the choice.
2. Which of the following statements is TRUE (1 mark)? a) Selection bias can be reduced by increasing sample size. b) Loss to follow-up in a cohort study can bias findings either towards the null (reducing the magnitude of the true association) or the opposite (over-estimating the magnitude of the true association). c) Systematic error can be reduced by taking repeated measurements. d) Non-differential misclassification of exposure or outcome usually biases study findings away from the null (towards finding an...
For the survey described below, either selection bias or information bias can be operative? A survey of coronary artery disease among 10,000 adults in Chicago (selected randomly from the general population) based on the question "Do you have coronary artery disease?" A. Selection bias B. Information bias C. Neither selection bias nor information bias
In a case-control study, selection bias can occur when ndividuals in the eligible population have the same probability of being included in the study. Controls are selected from the population which gave rise to the cases. Sampling fractions of cases differs from that of controls, but is independent of exposure status Sampling fractions among cases or controls differ according to exposure status. In a case-control study, selection bias can occur when ndividuals in the eligible population have the same probability...
For the survey described below, either selection bias or information bias can be operative? A survey of coronary artery disease among 10,000 adults in Chicago (selected randomly from the general population) based on the question "Do you have coronary artery disease?" A. Selection bias B. Information bias C. Neither selection bias nor information bias
The Democratic National Committee wants to know how the general American population feel about the Democratic leadership in congress. The survey voters registered as Democrats. What source of error/bias may interfere most? Selection bias Recall bias Interviewer bias Non-differential misclassification (random error)
Part 6: Match the sources of bias with the type of study design and the best way to minimize the blas. Type of study design: a. Case-Controls b. Cohort Way to minimize bias! a. Obtain controls from the same work environment as cases b. Obtain controls from the general population. c. Incentives d. Take steps to assure that mild, clinically resolved or fatal cases are represented in the case groups e. Refer to medical records containing exposure information if they...