Question

1.Select 5-10 of the following vocabulary terms located near the bottom of the document.

2.. show how you relate the terms to one another (write down to the piece paper)

3. Prepare a short-written justification for your arrangement that explains how the terms are related.

Vocabulary terms - Membrane, Permeability ,Phospholipid ,Cholesterol, Glycosylation ,Hydrophobic ,Hydrophilic ,Amphiphilic, Lipid bilayer, Peripheral proteins, Integral proteins, Fluidity, Channel, protein ,Concentration, gradient, Diffusion Facilitated transport Hypertonic Hypotonic Isotonic Osmosis Plasmolysis Passive transport Transport protein Solute Active transport Antiporter Gradient Symporter Uniporter Pinocytosis Endocytosis Exocytosis Receptor-mediated

Answer 1

The plasma membrane which is the outermost covering of all the cells, prokaryotic and Eukaryotic both, is selectively permeable in nature. It regulate the movement of molecules across its surface. It is made up of phospholipids, proteins and cholesterol molecules.

Phospholipids are amphipathic in nature. Amphipathic names they have both hydrophilic and hydrophobic properties.

The hydrophilic property is due to the presence of a phosphate head which is present towards the extracellular and intracellular surface of the plasma membrane. It is a water loving group.

The hydrophobic property is due to the presence of fatty acid tails which are present inside the phosphate groups and form the hydrophobic core of the membrane. Fattu acid present in the membrane can be saturated and unsaturate. Unsaturated fatty acids have one or more than one double bond and saturated fatty acid do not have Double bonds.

There are two types of proteins in the Lipid bilayer, intrinsic and extrinsic.

Intrinsic proteins are also called as transmembrane proteins are integral membrane proteins. These are embedded inside the membrane and span across the plasma membrane. They face both extracellular and intracellular surface of the membrane. They mainly act as protein Transporters for transportation of molecules through the membrane.

Extrinsic proteins are also called as peripheral membrane protein. These are present on the surface of the membrane only. They are helpful in Cell to cell communication and cell signalling processes.

Cholesterol molecules are present randomly in the plasma membrane. These are also involved in cell signalling.

The plasma membrane have certain regiones which are rich in lipids. These are called as lipid rafts. These are also randomly distributed in the membrane.

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