Question

Below is an abstract from the following paper published in Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology.

**After reading the abstract, describe each of the following regarding the experiment:

1) research question

2) research objectives

3) methods

4) results

5) conclusions

6) give at least 2 examples of how you could improve this abstract

Perturbation of Wound Healing, Cytoskeletal Organization and Cellular Protein Networks during Hazara Virus Infection.

Front. Cell. Dev. Bio. 21 Nov. 2017. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2017.00098

Andrea Molinas^1†, Maria V. Turkina ^1†, Karl-Eric Magnusson ¹, Ali Mirazimi²,and Elena Vikström^1*

¹Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden

²Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden

Abstract: Normal epithelial and endothelial renewal and healing after bacterial and viral challenges are essential for homeostasis along the intestine and the blood and lymphatic vessels. We thus investigated whether and how virus affects migration of human epithelial cells and specifically how the nucleocapsid protein (N) modulates the cellular proteome and interactome using human Caco-2 cells in a wound-healing assay with Hazara virus as a model. Here, Hazara virus blocked cell migration in a dose- and time-dependent manner, disrupted the actin cytoskeleton and specifically reduced the expression of the IQ-motif-containing GTPase-activating protein 1 (IQGAP1) and water channel aquaporin 6 (AQP6) that regulate cytoskeletal organization, water homeostasis and vesicle communication. Moreover, in the Caco-2 cell proteome, we identified several distinct groups of molecules associating with N upon Hazara virus infection, being involved in the ensemble of important cellular processes, e.g., chaperone activity, metabolism, cellular defense against infections, cell morphology, and migration. These events do not only facilitate the virus life cycle, but they are also crucial for membrane and cytoskeleton dynamics, cellular self-renewal and wound healing, being so essential for body integrity and homeostasis.

Answer 1

Research Question-  How the virus affects the migration of human epithelial cells?

Objective- To determine the viral effect on human epithelial cell migration as well as to understand the modulation of nucleocapsid protein (N) on the cellular proteome.

Methods- Wound-healing assay with Hazara virus as a model.

Results- Hazara virus blocked cell migration in a dose- and time-dependent manner, it disrupted the actin cytoskeleton and specifically reduced the expression of the IQ-motif-containing GTPase-activating protein 1 (IQGAP1) and water channel aquaporin 6 (AQP6) that regulate cytoskeletal organization, water homeostasis, and vesicle communication. Several distinct groups of molecules were identified in Caco-2 cell proteome associating with N upon Hazara virus infection.

Conclusion- Viral attack disrupts the normal cell motility, destroys the actin cytoskeleton assembly.