Question

ur thhe spécific for shear, u, and the specific heat of the material. Hence, temperature risc ene machining materials with high strengt cates. The temperature rise at the tool-chip interface is, of course, also a fiu cocfficient of friction. Flank wear (see Section 8.3 and Fig. 8.20a) isction of source of heat, caused by rubbing of the tool on the machined surface. those of the workpiece. generated in the shear plane is a functioll UI material. Hence, temperature rise is high Eq (2.65) indi- is an additional emperat (using thermocouples) in turning on a lathe. Note that (a) the maxi ture is at a location away from the tool tip and that (b) it increa speed. As the speed increases, there is little time for the heat to be dissin cuttig Figure 8.17 shows results from experimental measurements of t with cutting be dissipated, and t to 1373.15 | x Work material: AISI 52100 Annealed: 188 HB Tool material: K3H carbide 5 1173.15 973.15 194 m/s V 2.794 873.15 g 973.15 .524 m Feed: (0.14 mm/rev) 20 6 m's .016 773.15 773.15 673.15 573.15 0.5 Distance from tool tip (mm) 1.0 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 Fraction of tool-chip contact length measured in the direction of chip flow ness haś taKCn the roller Incremental forming is a term also ied to a clas rocesses that are related to conventional metal spinning. (See a ing. Section 6.2.3.) The simplest version is incremental stretch eceme also incremental Incremental forming. panding, shown i ing, Section 6 Fig. 7.41, wherein a rotating blank is derormed by a steel rod w spherical tip to produce axisymmetric parts. No special toolin and the motion of the steel rod determines the final part shape mandrel The strain distribution within the workpiece depends on the profile, and proper lubrication is essential art shape, in one or more Pas tool path across the CNC incremental forming uses a computer numerical control (CNC tool that is programmed to follow contours at different dept surface. In this arrangement, the sheet-metal blank is clamped and is stationa tool rotates to assist forming. Tool paths are calculated in a manner simila for metal cutting, using a CAD model of the desired shape as the startin Fig. 10.46). Fig. 7.41b depicts an example of a part that has CNC incremental forming. Note that the part does not have to be axisym s the workpiece onary, andthe been produced from tooling costs and high metric. The main advantages of incremental forming are low flexibility in the shapes that can be produced. CNC incremental forming has been used for rapid prototyping of sheet-metal parts (see Sectio times associated with hard tooling are not necessary. The main drawbacks to incre mental forming include low production rates and limitations on allowable maten als. Most incremental forming today is performed on aluminum alloys with ver high formability, so that material costs are also fairly high A steel sheet has R values of 0.9, 1.3, and 1.9 for the 0°, 45o, and 90° directions to rolling, respectively. For a round blank 100 mm in diameter, estimate the small. est cup diameter to which it can be drawn. Will ears form during this operation? OT Rave reed on traitional patermmak ing,folwe we making and casting operations Howeve, this operation ト、comple und has .1 t、pical tunai ound 11111c of about 16 weeks. Using ster, over produced a prototype multitrack injection manfold from a dichestla y 39 hours, and at less than 10% ol the cost ol the conventional pr CAD file in only 39 hours, More importantly, due to the prototype's strength and accuracy, it could to an engine test bed, and its volumetric efficiency (ability to allow imum air volume into the cylinder during one stroke under different con e attache uld be directly measured. This procedure allowed optimization of the umplex inlet tracts and plenum chamber, and allowed Rover to incorporate de sign iterations into the product before committing to the purchase of expensive holing and machinery urce: Courtesy of 31D Systems, Inc, and The Rover Group. Types and General Characteristics of Reinforced and Metal-Matrix and Ceramic-Matrix Composites Material Fiber TABLE 10.5 Characteristics High strength, low stiffness, high density; E (calcium aluminoborosilicate) and S (magnesiaaluminosilicate) tvnes commonly used; lowest cost. Available typically as high modulus or high strength; less dense than glass; low cost. High strength and stiffness; has tungsten filament at its center (coaxial); highest density; highest cost. Glass Graphite Boron Highest strength-to-weight ratio of all fibers; high cost. Nylon, silicon carbide, silicon nitride, aluminum oxide, boron carbide, boron nitride, tantalum carbide, steel, tungsten, and molybdenum; see Chapters 3, 8, 9, and 10. Aramids (Kevlar) Other Matrix Epoxy and polyester, with the former most commonly used, obhes are phenolics, fluorocarbons, polyethersulfone, silicon, and polyimides. Thermosets Thermoplastics Polyetheretherketone; tougher than thermosets, but lower resistance to temperature. Metals Aluminum, aluminumlithium alloy, magnesium, and titanium fibers used are graphite, aluminum oxide, silicon carbide boron. Ceramics licon carbide, silicon nitride, aluminum oxide, an used are various ceramics.

Answer 1

Given Rvalues 3,11 ˊ冰 4- values inv 品 Eans loin not-form İFAR-o Ththis ase Can¬toomv during this Drauwing of this matevial