Question

Answer in an essay format with details and explanations

Explain how primary meristems allow for plasticity and therefore lead to a tight match between the structure and function of plant cells (discuss cell division, cell elongation, cell differentiation/gene expression and variation in cell structures)

Answer 1

Plant pluripotent stem cells reside in microenvironments called meristems. Two primary meristems, the shoot apical meristem (SAM) and the root apical meristem (RAM), are responsible for plant longitudinal growth and are located at the tip of the stem and root, respectively (). In addition, plants develop a secondary meristem, the cambium, that allows them to grow radially, and which contributes cells to their vasculature and for mechanical support structures . The control of meristematic activity is therefore crucial for allowing plants to establish their body plan, maintain tissue homeostasis and adapt their development to fluctuating environments.

There are many structure of cell and there function are too very different like if we talk about the growth of plant and animal cell then we see many functions occur in cell like cell division,cell elongation etc.

cell division

The cell cycle, or cell-division cycle, is the series of events that take place in a cell leading to duplication of its DNA (DNA replication) and division of cytoplasm and organelles to produce two daughter cells.cell division complete in many stages....

There are many type of cell devision....

Mitosis: The process cells use to make exact replicas of themselves. Mitosis is observed in almost all the body’s cells, including eyes, skin, hair, and muscle cells.

Meiosis: In this type of cell division, sperm or egg cells are produced instead of identical daughter cells as in mitosis.

Binary Fission: Single-celled organisms like bacteria replicate themselves for reproduction.

cell elongation

Cell elongation is the lengthening of a cell during the cell differentiation process in the growth of a new organism or during movement in mature plants. Cell elongation occurs in both plants and animals.

In animal development, cell elongation occurs early in the cell differentiation process. Large groups of cells elongate and lie closely together to form different types of tissue. In plant growth, the hormone auxin modifies the cell wall structure to allow cell elongation. Elongated cells develop into roots and stems. Auxin also promotes cell elongation in mature plants, allowing cells to elongate toward the sun for maximum food production. Other plant hormones inhibit cell elongation in both roots and stems when they hit obstacles. This encourages the plant to thicken and grow in new directions around the obstacle.

Cell differentiation

Cell differentiation is how generic embryonic cells become specialized cells. This occurs through a process called gene expression. ... Gene expression occurs because of certain signals in your body, both inside and outside of your cells. Celldifferentiation occurs during multiple stages of development.​​​​​​​