Question

1. What are the functions performed by the kidneys?

2. B. In boxing, kidney punches are illegal. Where would a “kidney punch” be placed on the body? Why is it illegal?

3. Which parts of the nephron and collecting system are located in the

1. Cortex –

2. Medulla –

4. Trace the pathway of urine in the male from its formation in the renal corpuscle, through the nephron to the outside of the body, List all the structures in order that urine would pass through. Name the type of cells in the walls of these structures. What would differ in the female?

5. Where would each of these structures be located?

1. Brush border –

2. Minor calyx –

3. Juxtaglomerular apparatus –

4. Podocytes –

5. Arcuate artery –

Answer 1

A)The functions performed by the kidneys are

1)It excretes the nitrogenous wastes from the body in the form of urine.

2)It plays an important role in the maintenance of blood volume.

3)It also helps in maintaining the level of serum electrolytes.

4) It secreted erythropoietin ; which stimulates the production of red blood cells.

5)It secreted renin ; which regulates the blood pressure.

B)A kidney punch is delivered to the lower back whete kidney is located.It is usually observed when the boxers clinch.

It is illegal in boxing because it can cause severe damage to the kidneys(kidney contusion).If kidney is damaged surrounding structures may be damaged .The kidney can even rupture.

C)Cortex--- Bowman's capsule ; proximal convoluted tubule ; Part of descending limb and thick ascending limb of loop of henle; distal convoluted tubule

Medulla--Part of descending limb and thin part of ascending limb of Loop of Henle; collecting duct