Homework Answers
Among smokers p=397/712 =0.56 ; odds =397/315=1.26
Among non-smokers p=61/299 =0.20 ; odds=61/238=0.26
odds ratio =4.92
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The following is a data table of lung cancer cases according to smoking habits Smoking Lung cance...
The following table shows the relationship between cigarette smoking and lung cancer among male cases and...
The following table shows the relationship between cigarette smoking and lung cancer among male cases and controls. Cases Controls Cigarette smoker 1,350 1,296 Non-Smoker 7 61 Total 1,357 1,357 Table 1. Smoking status before onset of the present illness, lung cancer cases and matched controls with other diseases, Great Britain, 1948-1952. Question 11 (2 points) Calculate the odds of smoking among the cases?
Table 1. Smoking status before onset of the present illness, lung cancer cases and matched controls with other diseases,...
Table 1. Smoking status before onset of the present illness, lung cancer cases and matched controls with other diseases, Great Britain, 1948-1952. Cases Controls Cigarette smoker 1,350 1,296 Non-Smoker 7 61 Total 1,357 1,357 Question 11 (2 points) Calculate the odds of smoking among the cases.
Use for 6-10: Below are hypothetical data on lung cancer cases in a given year in...
Use for 6-10: Below are hypothetical data on lung cancer cases in a given year in a population. Consider smoking to be the exposure and cancer to be the outcome of interest. Number of lung Smoking Status Smokers Nonsmokers Total cancer cases Population 40,000 60,000 50 100,000 6. 7. 8. 9. Calculate the relative risk. Calculate the odds ratio. Calculate the risk difference. Assuming the smoking is the cause of the excess lung cancer in smokers, calculate and interpret the...
Lung Cancer & Smoking Case Study A causal relationship between cigarette smoking and lung cancer was...
Lung Cancer & Smoking Case Study A causal relationship between cigarette smoking and lung cancer was first suspected in the 1920s on the basis of clinical observations. To test this apparent association, numerous epidemiologic studies were undertaken between 1930 and 1960. Two studies were conducted by Richard Doll and Austin Bradford Hill in Great Britain The first was a case-control study begun in 1947 comparing the smoking habits of lung cancer patients with the smoking habits of other patients. The...
Lung Cancer & Smoking Case Study A causal relationship between cigarette smoking and lung cancer was first suspected...
Lung Cancer & Smoking Case Study A causal relationship between cigarette smoking and lung cancer was first suspected in the 1920s on the basis of clinical observations. To test this apparent association, numerous epidemiologic studies were undertaken between 1930 and 1960. Two studies were conducted by Richard Doll and Austin Bradford Hill in Great Britain. The first was a case-control study begun in 1947 comparing the smoking habits of lung cancer patients with the smoking habits of other patients. The...
Lung Cancer & Smoking Case Study A causal relationship between cigarette smoking and lung cancer was...
Lung Cancer & Smoking Case Study A causal relationship between cigarette smoking and lung cancer was first suspected in the 1920s on the basis of clinical observations. To test this apparent association, numerous epidemiologic studies were undertaken between 1930 and 1960. Two studies were conducted by Richard Doll and Austin Bradford Hill in Great Britain The first was a case-control study begun in 1947 over a 4-year period (April 1948-February 1952). Initially, 20 hospitals, and later more, were asked to...
Suppose a case-control study asked 238 lung cancer patients and 428 controls (matched to the cases...
Suppose a case-control study asked 238 lung cancer patients and 428 controls (matched to the cases by age and sex) whether they had kept a pet bird during adulthood. Of the 238 lung cancer cases, 99 said yes. Of the 428 controls, 102 said yes. (a) Construct a contingency table for the data. Lung Cancer No Lung Cancer Total Bird No Bird Total (b) Compute the risk (as a %) of lung cancer for bird and non-bird owners for this...
Over 1,700 patients with lung cancer, all under age 75, were eligible for the case-control study....
Over 1,700 patients with lung cancer, all under age 75, were eligible for the case-control study. About 15% of these persons were not interviewed because of death, discharge, severity of illness, or inability to speak English. An additional group of patients were interviewed but later excluded when initial lung cancer diagnosis proved mistaken. The final study group included 1,465 cases (1,357 males and 108 females). The following table shows the relationship between cigarette smoking and lung cancer among male cases...
Over 1,700 patients with lung cancer, all under age 75, were eligible for the case-control study. About 15% of these per...
Over 1,700 patients with lung cancer, all under age 75, were eligible for the case-control study. About 15% of these persons were not interviewed because of death, discharge, severity of illness, or inability to speak English. An additional group of patients were interviewed but later excluded when initial lung cancer diagnosis proved mistaken. The final study group included 1,465 cases (1,357 males and 108 females). The following table shows the relationship between cigarette smoking and lung cancer among male cases...
please fill in the table and answer each question fully as well a one interpretation sentence...
please fill in the table and answer each question
fully as well a one interpretation sentence for each.
please answer careffully and correctly
For Questions 30-32: In a population-based cohort study, an entire community was interviewed regarding smoking habits and then followed for one year. Upon asoertainment of all lung cancer deaths, the investigator obtained the following data: Number of individual 24,500 10,500 Lung cancer deaths 15 Smokers Non-smokers Disease Status Yes No Total Exposure Yes Status No 30. 1...
Use for 6-10: Below are hypothetical data on lung cancer cases in a given year in a population. Consider smoking to be the exposure and cancer to be the outcome of interest. Number of lung Smoking Status Smokers Nonsmokers Total cancer cases Population 40,000 60,000 50 100,000 6. 7. 8. 9. Calculate the relative risk. Calculate the odds ratio. Calculate the risk difference. Assuming the smoking is the cause of the excess lung cancer in smokers, calculate and interpret the...
Lung Cancer & Smoking Case Study A causal relationship between cigarette smoking and lung cancer was first suspected in the 1920s on the basis of clinical observations. To test this apparent association, numerous epidemiologic studies were undertaken between 1930 and 1960. Two studies were conducted by Richard Doll and Austin Bradford Hill in Great Britain The first was a case-control study begun in 1947 comparing the smoking habits of lung cancer patients with the smoking habits of other patients. The...
Lung Cancer & Smoking Case Study A causal relationship between cigarette smoking and lung cancer was first suspected in the 1920s on the basis of clinical observations. To test this apparent association, numerous epidemiologic studies were undertaken between 1930 and 1960. Two studies were conducted by Richard Doll and Austin Bradford Hill in Great Britain The first was a case-control study begun in 1947 over a 4-year period (April 1948-February 1952). Initially, 20 hospitals, and later more, were asked to...
Suppose a case-control study asked 238 lung cancer patients and 428 controls (matched to the cases by age and sex) whether they had kept a pet bird during adulthood. Of the 238 lung cancer cases, 99 said yes. Of the 428 controls, 102 said yes. (a) Construct a contingency table for the data. Lung Cancer No Lung Cancer Total Bird No Bird Total (b) Compute the risk (as a %) of lung cancer for bird and non-bird owners for this...
please fill in the table and answer each question
fully as well a one interpretation sentence for each.
please answer careffully and correctly
For Questions 30-32: In a population-based cohort study, an entire community was interviewed regarding smoking habits and then followed for one year. Upon asoertainment of all lung cancer deaths, the investigator obtained the following data: Number of individual 24,500 10,500 Lung cancer deaths 15 Smokers Non-smokers Disease Status Yes No Total Exposure Yes Status No 30. 1...
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