Question

For the table below, design an ion exchange system for the removal of calcium. The flow rate to be treated is 5.45 ML/d. The system should be sized so that the minimum time between regenerations is 72 h. The column diameter should be 3 m and there should be at least 2 columns. Pilot testing indicates optimal regeneration efficiency corresponded to using 10% NaCl solution (specific gravity = 1.07) at a salt usage rate of 310 kg NaCl per m³ of resin at a flow rate of 10 m/h in countercurrent mode. The slow rinse after regeneration should run for 2 bed volumes at the regeneration flow rate and the fast rinse for 3-bed volumes at the service flow rate.

	A
Total exchange capacity of resin, eq/L	2.0
Sodium (Na+), mg/L	119
Potassium (K+), mg/L	4.1
Magnesium (Mg2+), mg/L	8.5
Calcium (Ca2+), mg/L	35
Barium (Ba2+), mg/L	11.3
Radium (Ra2+), mg/L	--

Summarize the design you produce:

a) plant capacity

1. The plant capacity will be _________ m³/d.

b) water treated per cycle

2. The quantity of water treated per cycle is _________m³.

c) total resin volume and service (volumetric) flow rate

3. The concentration of calcium in feed water is _______ meg/L.

4. The concentration of the resin at capacity is ______ eq/L.

5. Thus, the breakthrough empty bed volume is _______ BV.

6. The service flowrate (SFR) = ________ BV/h

7. Thus, the total resin volume is equal to ______ m³.

d) empty bed contact time

8. EBCT = ______ min.

e) number, diameter, and depth of columns

9. The number and diameter of the columns is given in the problem statement. The cross-sectional area of the media bed is thus Answer m².

10. Thus, the length of the bed will be ______ m.

f) surface area loading rate

11. The surface area loading rate equals ______ m/d and is equivalent to the superficial velocity.

g) regeneration volume and time

12. 10% salt solution = ______ kg NaCl/m³ solution.

13. Resin volume/column = ______ m³.

14. The regeneration weight required for each column equals kg ______ NaCl.

15. Thus, the regeneration volume equals ______ m³.

16. The regeneration flowrate per column = ______ m³/h.

17. Thus, the generation time = ______ min.

h) slow rinse volume and time

18. Slow Rinse Volume = ______ m³.

19. Slow Rinse Time = ______ min.

i) fast rinse volume and time

18. Fast Rinse Volume = ______ m³.

19. Fast Rinse Time = ______ min.

j) total waste volume produced per month

20. Total Waste Volume = ______ m³.

21. Total Waste Volume/Month = ______ m³.

k) net water production rate, assuming treated water is used for regeneration and rinsing

22. Net Water Production = ______.

Answer 1

We will calculate the plant capacity. Then we will calculate the quantity of treated water in one cycle. Then we will calculate the concentration of calcium in feed water.

·刁 column dia (dm = 7,06 X10 Tuo elauum thentoal volume woudd (Idag 224h y =141 ,2 X 24 Specif;c gravity= hog 310 0,189m viNOm Trem, quantity 09- wakerて treated in one 10% 0,229 =2.29 m3 2

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