Question

A pioneer study randomly assigned pregnant women to either a daily multivitamin supplement (including folic acid) or a placebo. Of the 2105 pregnancies with the vitamin regimen, there were 30 cases of congenital malformation. Among the 2046 pregnancies with the placebo, 47 cases of congenital malformation were recorded.

Note: Round your answer only after completing the entire calculations. Do not use rounded values in your calculation

(a) The difference of the two sample proportions of congenital malformation cases (placebo minus the multivitamin) is  (Round to 4 decimal places)

(b) The difference computed in part (a) was small. However, this inequality seems more substantial when viewed by their ratio, which is a statistic commonly reported in medical journals. Find and interpret the relative risk (hazard ratio) of congenital malformation between the two groups. (Select all that apply. Hint: there are two correct answers)

1.61; those who took multivitamin supplement were 1.61 times as likely to have congenital malformation cases as those who took placebo.

0.62; those who took placebo were 0.62 times as likely to have congenital malformation cases as those who took multivitamin supplement.

0.62; those who took multivitamin supplement were 0.62 times as likely to have congenital malformation cases as those who took placebo.

1.61; those who took placebo were 1.61 times as likely to have congenital malformation cases as those who took multivitamin supplement.

.

Answer 1

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