Question

Using a piston in cylinder, explain how you make a heat pump and refrigerator which has maximal efficiency.

Can you please explain with super detail and write nice and neat so I can follow along. Thank you!  

Answer 1

Below slide shows how ideal carnot engine using piston cylinder arrangement work and reversed carnot which works as heat pump and refrigerator , opposite of carnot cycle.

The Carnot cycle Reversible isothermal Gas allowed to expand . Infinitesimal heat expansion (1-2) = constant slowly. EnergyN source QH transfer to keep TH constant at TH Since temperature differential never exceeds dT, reversible isothermal process. Process 1-2 ° Total heat transfer: QH

· Reversible adiabatic . Insulation at the Temperature drops from expansion (2-3) TH cylinder head TL TH to T Gas expands and does work Insulation Process 2-3 Process is therefore reversible and adiabatic.

.Reversible isothermal compression (3-4) = constant . Insulation removed TL is constant Infinitesimal heat transfer to the sink at T Energy sinkQ at T Temperature differential 4 never exceeds dT, reversible isothermal process Process 3-4 . Total heat transfer: Q

. Reversible adiabatic compression (4-1) *Temperature rises TH from T to T · Insulation put back . The gas is 4 compressed in a reversible manner. Insulation Process 4-1 The temperature rises from T to TH

TH-constant 2 2 TH=constant net,out 4 4 Tconstant T-constant P-V diagram of Carnot cycle T-S diagram of Carnot cycle

. 1-2: A reversible isothermal process 2-3: A reversible adiabatic process ° 3-4: Reversible isothermal process * 4-1: Reversible adiabatic process 204-03 VV3-4 1 4 4-1 EQnetWnet for the cycle