Question

wirte a c++ program blackjack please write it short and simple please dont make so complicated.

Answer 1

CODE

#include <iostream>

#include <vector>

#include <algorithm>

#include <cstdio>

#include <cstdlib>

#include <ctime>

using std::cout;  // To be used for standard input & output.

using std::cin;

using std::endl;

// classes for error exceptions.

struct BadSuit {};

struct BadNumberDecks {};

// Some global constants.

const int PLAYER_CHIP = 100;  // Initial number of player's chips.

const int DEALER_CHIP = 10000;  // Initial number of dealer's chips.

const int MAX_BET = 5;    // Maximum number of chips for a bet in a round.

const int MAX_CHARACTER = 1000; // Maximum number of characters in a line

        // to be used for standard input.

// Class that represents a card. It needs a value (rank) and a suit.

class Card {

  public:

    // Constructor.

    // num should be in the range of 1<= num <=13

    // (1: Ace, 11:J, 12:Q, 13:K),

    // suits: 'c' (club), 's' (spade), 'h' (heart), 'd' (diamond).

    Card(int num1 = 1, char suit1 = 's') {

      // Assigning the rank of the card using a number.

      if (num1 < 1) num = 1;

      else if (num1 > 13) num = 13;

      else num=num1 ;

      // Assigning the suit of the card.

      if (suit1 == 'c' || suit1 == 'C') suit = 'c';

      else if (suit1 == 's' || suit1 == 'S') suit = 's';

      else if (suit1 == 'h' || suit1 == 'H') suit = 'h';

      else if (suit1 == 'd' || suit1 == 'D') suit = 'd';

      else throw BadSuit(); // Error exception for bad input.

    }

    

    // Get the value of the card (1~13).

    int getValue() const {

      return num;

    }

    

    // Get the rank of the card (A, 2,..., 10, J, Q, K) as strings.

    std::string getRank() const {

      if (num == 1) return "A";

      else if (num == 2) return "2";

      else if (num == 3) return "3";

      else if (num == 4) return "4";

      else if (num == 5) return "5";

      else if (num == 6) return "6";

      else if (num == 7) return "7";

      else if (num == 8) return "8";

      else if (num == 9) return "9";

      else if (num == 10) return "10";

      else if (num == 11) return "J";

      else if (num == 12) return "Q";

      else if (num == 13) return "K";

    }

    

    // Get the suit of the given card.

    char getSuit() const {

      return suit;

    }

    

  private:

    int num;  // The value (rank) of the card.

    char suit;  // The suit of the card (c, s, h, d).

};    

// outstream operator overloading for the Card class.

std::ostream & operator<<(std::ostream &s, const Card &c) {

  return s << c.getRank() << "(" << c.getSuit() << ')';

}

// Class that represents the decks of cards for the game of blackjack.

// Number of decks allowed here are 1, 2, and 4.    

class Decks {

  public:

    // Constructor. The number of decks should be given (default=1).

    Decks(int nDeck = 1): cards(), current(0) {

      create(nDeck); // create all cards.

    }

    

    // Create all cards of given number of decks.

    void create(int nDeck) {

      if (nDeck != 1 && nDeck != 2 && nDeck != 4)

        throw BadNumberDecks();

      cards.resize(nDeck*52); // size of the array resized.

      int index = 0;

      for (int i = 0; i < nDeck; i++)

        // Creating and storing cards for nDeck decks.

        for (int n = 1; n <= 13; n++) {

          cards[index++] = Card(n, 'c');

          cards[index++] = Card(n, 's');

          cards[index++] = Card(n, 'h');

          cards[index++] = Card(n, 'd');

        }

    }

    

    // Randomly shuffle all cards in the deck and set current as 0.

    void shuffle() {

      // using the standard library.

      std::random_shuffle(cards.begin(), cards.end());

      current = 0;

    }

    

    // Deal a card that are pointed by current and add 1 to current.

    Card deal() {

      // If all cards are dealt, shuffle cards again.

      if (current == cards.size()) shuffle();

      return cards[current++];

    }

    

    // Print all cards at the current shuffled state.

    void print() const {

      for (int i = 0; i < cards.size(); i++)

        cout << cards[i] << endl;

    }

    

  private:

    std::vector<Card> cards;// Array for all cards.

    int current;    // The pointer for the current card.

};

// Class that represents a hand of a player or a dealer.

class Hand {

  public:

    // Constructor.

    Hand(): cardsAtHand() {}

    

    // Add a card to the hand.

    void addCard(Card card) {

      cardsAtHand.push_back(card);

    }

    

    // Compute the value of the hand for the blackjack using S17.

    // This function will be used to determine whether the dealer

    // should hit or stand (S17 rule is used here), and to find out

    // the value of the player's hand,

    // for example, after the player decides to stand.

    int getValue() const {

      int value = 0;

      // true if an ace exists in the hand.

      bool ifAce = false;

      for (int i = 0; i < cardsAtHand.size(); i++) {

        int cardValue = cardsAtHand[i].getValue();

        // Give 10 for all face cards (J, Q, K).

        if (cardValue > 10) cardValue = 10;   

        if (cardValue == 1) ifAce=true;

        value += cardValue;

      }

      // Ace is always counted as 11 if doing so dose not

      // make the hand bust (S17 rule for dealer's hand).

      if (ifAce && value < 12) value += 10;

      return value;

    }

    

    // Return the number of cards of the hand.

    int size() const {

      return cardsAtHand.size();

    }

    // Returns true if the hand is "blackjack"

    // (getting the value 21 with 2 cards).

    bool blackjack() const {

      return (cardsAtHand.size() == 2 && getValue() == 21);

    }

    

    // Remove all cards of the hand.

    void removeAllCards() {

      cardsAtHand.clear();

    }

    

    // print the cards in the hand.

    // (if hideFirst==true, the first card will not be shown).

    void print(bool hideFirst=false) const {

      if (cardsAtHand.size() == 0)

        std::cout << "No card." << std::endl;

      for (int i = 0; i < cardsAtHand.size(); i++)

        if (i == 0 && hideFirst) cout << "?(?) ";

        else cout << cardsAtHand[i] << ' ';

      cout << endl;

    }

    

  private:

    std::vector<Card> cardsAtHand;  // Array of cards in a hand.

};

// Class that represents the game (displaying texts using standard output,

// and managing the flow of the game using 5 stages).

// User inputs are obtained also using standard input, and only the first

// character (excluding white spaces) of an input (a line ending with \n)

// is assumed to be the only user input to reduce confusions.

class Game {

  public:

    // Constructor.

    Game(): myDecks(), playerHand(), dealerHand() {

      nPlayerChip = PLAYER_CHIP;

      nDealerChip = DEALER_CHIP;

    }

    // Manage the flow of the game.

    void play() {

      // Setting the random seed.

      std::srand(std::time(NULL));

      // Starting the game (stage1).

      char input = beginGame(); // one-character user input.

      // Keep playing rounds if the player wants.

      while (input == 'n') {

        beginRound(); // (stage2)

        do {

          input = inRound(); // (stage3)

        } while (input == 'h');

        // There are three cases for ending a round:

        // (1) player busting (input == 'b'),

        // (2) player stands (input == 's').

        // (3) player forces to quit while playing.

        input = endRound(input); // (stage4)

      }

      endGame(); // (stage5)

    }

  private:

    // Beginning of the game (stage 1).

    // Returns the input (n, r, q).

    // (n: next round, r: rule, q: quit.)

    char beginGame() {

      cout << "###########################" << endl;

      cout << "# The Game of Blackjack #" << endl;

      cout << "###########################" << endl;

      cout << endl;

      int nDeck;

      // Get the input, the number of decks (nDeck).

      do { // (will be repeated until a right input is given).

        cout << "Choose the number of decks to use ";

        cout << "[1/2/4] (default: 1): ";

        cin.getline(temp, MAX_CHARACTER);

        // extract a number from the first char.

        nDeck = firstChar(temp, MAX_CHARACTER) - '0';

        // default value is 1 when no input.

        if (nDeck == 0) nDeck = 1;

      } while (nDeck != 1 && nDeck != 2 && nDeck != 4);

      cout << endl;

      myDecks.create(nDeck); // Creating the decks of cards.

      cout << nDeck << " deck" << (nDeck == 1 ? "" : "s");

      cout << " (" << 52 * nDeck << " cards) ";

      cout << (nDeck == 1 ? "has" : "have");

      cout << " been created and shuffled." << endl;

      cout << "You are given " << PLAYER_CHIP;

      cout << " chips now, and you can bet";

      cout << " upto " << MAX_BET;

      cout << " chips for each round.\n" << endl;

      char input; // For user input.

      do { // (will be repeated until a right input is given).

        cout << "Type n for a new round, r for rules, ";

        cout << "and q to quit [n/r/q] (default: n): ";

        cin.getline(temp, MAX_CHARACTER);

        // extract the first char.

        input = firstChar(temp, MAX_CHARACTER);

        if (input == '0') input = 'n';

        if (input == 'r') displayRules();

      } while (input != 'n' && input != 'q');

      cout << endl;

      return input;

    }

    // Beginning of a round (stage 2)

    // Returns the input (amount of bet; 1-5).

    void beginRound() {

      cout << "===================================" << endl;

      cout << "* Starting a New Round (your chips: ";

      cout << nPlayerChip << ").\n" << endl;

      bool insufficient = false;

        // Used when checking (remaining chips) < nBet.

      do { // (will be repeated until a right input is given).

        if (insufficient) {

          cout << "You only have " << nPlayerChip;

          cout << " chip(s)." << endl;

        };

        cout << "How many chips do you want to bet? ";

        cout << "[1-5] (default: 1): ";

        insufficient = false; // Set it for a new input.

        // Read a line and store in temp.

        cin.getline(temp, MAX_CHARACTER);

        // extract a number from the first char.

        nBet = firstChar(temp, MAX_CHARACTER) - '0';

        if (nBet == 0) nBet = 1; // Default is 1.

        // Check if chips are sufficient.

        if (nBet > nPlayerChip || nBet > nDealerChip)

          insufficient = true;

      } while (nBet < 1 || nBet > MAX_BET || insufficient);

      cout << "You bet " << nBet << " chip";

      cout << (nBet == 1 ? "." : "s.") << endl;

      dealerHand.removeAllCards(); // return all cards

      playerHand.removeAllCards(); // return all cards

      myDecks.shuffle(); // Shuffle the cards.

      // Dealing two cards to each player.

      dealerHand.addCard(myDecks.deal());

      playerHand.addCard(myDecks.deal());

      dealerHand.addCard(myDecks.deal());

      playerHand.addCard(myDecks.deal());

    }

    // Middle of a round (stage 3).

    // Returns a character (h, s, b, j, q).

    // (h: hit, s: stand, b: busted, j: blackjack, q: quit).

    char inRound() {

      int playerValue = playerHand.getValue();

      // Check for the blackjack.

      // Then stop the round automatically, and return 'j'

      if (playerHand.blackjack()) {

        cout << "You got the blackjack!" << endl;

        return 'j';

      };

      // Check for the player busting

      // (if busted, stop the round and return 'b').

      if (playerValue > 21) return 'b';

      // Show hands (with dealer's first card hidden).

      showHands(true);  

      char input; // user input in this stage.

      do { // (will be repeated until a right input is given).

        cout << "Type h for Hit, s for Stand, r for ";

        cout << "rules, q to quit [h/s/r/q] ";

        cout << "(default: h): ";

        cin.getline(temp, MAX_CHARACTER);

        // extract the first char.

        input = firstChar(temp, MAX_CHARACTER);

        // Default is h(Hit).

        if (input == '0') input = 'h';

        if (input == 'r') displayRules(); // for rules.

      } while (input != 'h' && input != 's' && input != 'q');

      // Add a card for "Hit".

      if (input == 'h') playerHand.addCard(myDecks.deal());

      return input;

    }

    // End of a round (stage 4)

    // (busted=true if the player got busted, false if not).

    char endRound(char in) {

      int playerValue = playerHand.getValue();

      if (in == 'b') {  // if the player is busted.

        cout << "\nYou have:\t ";

        playerHand.print();

        cout << "You got busted, and lost ";

        cout << nBet << " chips." << endl;

        takeChips(-nBet);

      }

      else if (in == 'q') { // if the player quits the game.

        cout << "\nYou lost " << nBet << " chips.";

        cout << endl;

        takeChips(-nBet);

        return in;

      }

      else if (in == 'j') { // if player gets the blackjack.

        showHands(); // Show cards.

        if (dealerHand.blackjack()) {

          cout << "It is tied, and the bet is ";

          cout << "returned." << endl;

        }

        else {

          cout << "You won, and gained ";

          cout << nBet << " chips." << endl;

          takeChips(nBet);

        };

      }

      else { // if the player stands. We need to look at the

        // dealer's hand. The dealer hits until (

        // the value of the hand) >= 17 (S17 rule).

        while (dealerHand.getValue() < 17)

          dealerHand.addCard(myDecks.deal());

        showHands(); // Show cards.

        int dealerValue = dealerHand.getValue();

        // If the dealer gets busted.

        if (dealerValue > 21) {

          cout << "Dealer got busted, and you ";

          cout << "gained " << nBet;

          cout << " chips." << endl;

          takeChips(nBet);

        }

        // Dealer wins.

        else if (dealerValue > playerValue) {

          if (dealerHand.blackjack()) {

            cout << "Dealer got the ";

            cout << "blackjack!\n";

          }

          cout << "Dealer won, and you lost ";

          cout << nBet << " chips." << endl;

          takeChips(-nBet);

        }

        // Player wins.

        else if (dealerValue < playerValue) {

          cout << "You won, and you gained ";

          cout << nBet << " chips." << endl;

          takeChips(nBet);

        }

        // A tie.

        else {

          // If the dealer has the blackjack and

          // the score is tied, the dealer wins.

          if (dealerHand.blackjack()) {

            cout << "Dealer got the ";

            cout << "blackjack! ";

            cout << "You lost " << nBet;

            cout << " chips." << endl;

            takeChips(-nBet);

          }

          // the score is tied, and the dealer

          // doesn't have blackjack.

          else {  

            cout << "It is tied, and the ";

            cout << "bet is returned.";

            cout << endl;

          }

        };

      }

      cout << "\n* End of the Round (your chips: ";

      cout << nPlayerChip << ")." << endl;

      cout << "===================================" << endl;

    

      // If all chips are used up, the game ends.

      if (nPlayerChip == 0 || nDealerChip == 0) return 'q';

      char input; // character for the user input.

      do { // (will be repeated until a right input is given).

        cout << "\nType n for a new round, r for rules";

        cout << ", q to quit [n/r/q] (default: n): ";

        cin.getline(temp, MAX_CHARACTER);

        // extract the first char.

        input = firstChar(temp, MAX_CHARACTER);

        // Default is n(new round).

        if (input == '0') input = 'n';

        if (input == 'r') displayRules(); // Rules.

      } while (input != 'n' && input != 'q');

      return input;

    }

    // End of the game (Stage 5)

    void endGame() {

      cout << "\nYour remaining chips: " << nPlayerChip;

      cout << " (you ";

      int diff = nPlayerChip - PLAYER_CHIP;

      if (diff > 0) cout << "gained " << diff << " chips).";

      else if (diff < 0)

        cout << "lost " << -diff << " chips).";

      else cout << "have the same number of chips as started).";

      cout << endl << endl;

      cout << "###########################" << endl;

      cout << "# End of the Game #" << endl;

      cout << "###########################" << endl;

    }

    // Display rules.

    void displayRules() {

      cout << endl;

      cout << "===================================" << endl;

      cout << "# How to play the game of Blackjack. " << endl;

      cout << "\n\tThere are two players: a dealer, ";

      cout << "played by a computer, ";

      cout << "and a player, played by you. ";

      cout << "The game will be played as many ";

      cout << "rounds as the player can or wants, ";

      cout << "and the winner is determined ";

      cout << "each round. At the beginning of the game, ";

      cout << "the player chooses ";

      cout << "how many decks are used for all rounds, ";

      cout << "where each deck ";

      cout << "consists of 52 cards, 13 for each suit ";

      cout << "(Club, Spade, Heart, and Diamond); ";

      cout << "here the number of decks can be 1 or 2 or 4. ";

      cout << "You, the player, start with 100 chips and ";

      cout << "can bet at least 1 chip each round. ";

      cout << "The maximum number of chips a player can bet ";

      cout << "at each round is set at " << MAX_BET;

      cout << " chips here. The dealer is assumed to have ";

      cout << DEALER_CHIP << " chips in the beginning. ";

      cout << "If either the player or the dealer loses all ";

      cout << "chips, the game ends.\n\n";

      cout << "\tAt each round, the objective of the player ";

      cout << "is to win the bet by creating a card total ";

      cout << "that is higher than the value of ";

      cout << "the dealer's hand, but not exceeding 21 ";

      cout << "(called, \"busting\"). ";

      cout << "The value of a hand is determined by summing ";

      cout << "over values of all ";

      cout << "cards in a hand: 2~10 have the same values ";

      cout << "as the face values, ";

      cout << "while J, Q, and K (face cards) are counted ";

      cout << "as 10 and an ace, A, ";

      cout << "can be counted as 1 or 11. The suits of the ";

      cout << "cards don't have any meaning.\n\n";

      cout << "\tOnce the amount of the bet is chosen for ";

      cout << "each round, ";

      cout << "two cards are dealt at the beginning of the ";

      cout << "round: both cards of the player are revealed,";

      cout << " while only one card is revealed for the ";

      cout << "dealer. ";

      cout << "The player has two options: Hit or Stand.\n";

      cout << "\n(1) Hit: Take another card from the dealer.";

      cout << " If the player's hand ";

      cout << "is not busted by exceeding 21, ";

      cout << "the player has another chance ";

      cout << "to choose to hit or stand,\n\n";

      cout << "(2) Stand: Take no more card. ";

      cout << "Then, the player's value is ";

      cout << "determined by summing over all cards in ";

      cout << "the hand (An ace, A, can be either 1 or 11, ";

      cout << "whichever is better).\n\n";

      cout << "\tIf the player gets busted by exceeding 21, ";

      cout << "the dealer wins. If the player choose to ";

      cout << "stand at a value 21 or lower, ";

      cout << "the dealer should hit until the value is ";

      cout << "17 or greater (the ace, A, is counted as 11 ";

      cout << "as long as the sum is less than 21, ";

      cout << "even when the sum becomes 17, which is ";

      cout << "called \"S17\" rule). ";

      cout << "If the dealer gets busted, the player wins. ";

      cout << "If both are not busted, ";

      cout << "the winner is determined by comparing values;";

      cout << " the player wins ";

      cout << "if the player's value is greater, and the ";

      cout << "dealer wins if the dealer's value is greater.";

      cout << " If tied, the bet is returned to the player.";

      cout << "\n\n\tIf the first two cards has the value ";

      cout << "21 by having an ace and ";

      cout << "a 10-valued card (10 or J or Q or K), ";

      cout << "it's called the \"Blackjack\" and ";

      cout << "wins every hand except another blackjack (if ";

      cout << "both get blackjacks, it's a tie).\n\n\n";

      cout << "# Card representation.\n\n";

      cout << "The ranks: A (ace), 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, ";

      cout << "10, J, Q, K.\n";

      cout << "The suits: c (club), s (spade), h (heart), ";

      cout << "d (diamond).\n\n";

      cout << "Then, for example, A(s) stands for the spade ";

      cout << "ace, 10(d) stands for the diamond 10, ";

      cout << "and Q(h) stands for the heart queen.\n\n\n";

      cout << "# Player inputs.\n\n";

      cout << "\tThe player can give inputs using keyboards ";

      cout << "at the prompt, and only the first character ";

      cout << "(excluding white spaces) of a line, followed ";

      cout << "by Enter, will be regarded as a valid input. ";

      cout << "Possible input characters are: n (new round),";

      cout << " r (rules), h (hit), s (stand), q (quit), ";

      cout << "and 1~5 (size of the bet, number of decks).\n";

      cout << "===================================" << endl;

      cout << endl;

    }

    // A function that extracts a first character from a c-string

    // (returns '0' if none exists).

    // temp: character array, size: size of temp.

    static char firstChar(char *temp, int size) {

      int i=0;

      // skipping white spaces.

      while (i < size && temp[i] != '\0' && (temp[i] == ' '\

        || temp[i] == '\t' || temp[i] == '\n'))

        i++;

      // If there is no character in temp, return '0'.

      if (temp[i] == '\0' || i >= size) return '0';

      else return temp[i];

    }

    

    // Show hands of both players

    // (if hideFirst==true, the first card will not be shown).

    void showHands(bool hideFirst = false) {

      cout << "\nDealer has:\t ";

      dealerHand.print(hideFirst);

      cout << "You have:\t ";

      playerHand.print();

      cout << endl;

    }

    // Chips changing hands.

    // (amount > 0: dealer to player; < 0, player to dealer).

    void takeChips(int amount) {

      nPlayerChip += amount;

      nDealerChip -= amount;

    }

  private:

    Decks myDecks;  // All cards for the game.

    Hand playerHand, dealerHand; // Hands for the game.

    int nPlayerChip, nDealerChip; // Numbers of chips for players.

    int nBet;   // Bet of the current round.

    char temp[MAX_CHARACTER+1]; // C-string for temporary storages.

};

// Main function (driver).

int main() {

  Game g;

  try {

    g.play();

  }

  catch(BadSuit e) {

    std::cerr << "*** Bad card suit is given.\n";

    std::exit(1);

  }

  catch(BadNumberDecks e) {

    std::cerr << "*** Bad number of decks is given.\n";

    std::exit(1);

  };

  return 0;

}