Question

Chapter 10 Test B 10-7 Section 10.3 (Reading Research Papers) Use the following information to answer questions (16) and (17). A researcher wonders whether speed of service at a diner is affected by whether a male customer is wearing a suit jacket. The researcher used the following study design to collect data: The researcher chose five diners in a large city and recorded the number of male customers who wore a suit jacket during a two week period. He also records how long it took a waiter or waitress to address the customer. He finds that male customers who wear suit jackets were addressed by the wait staff faster than male customers who did not wear a suit jacket. 16. [Objective: Understand research papers] Choose the statement that correctly explains why we can or cannot generalize these results to a larger population. a. This was an observational study so results can be generalized to a larger population. b. The male customers (and diners) were not selected from a larger population, so the results cannot be generalized beyond the sample. c. The male customers were randomly selected to participate in the study so the results can be generalized to the larger population. d. The male customers were randomly assigned to wear a suit jacket so the results cannot be to beyond the sample. [Objective: Understand research papers and statistical reports] Choose the statement that correctly explains why we can or cannot make a cause-and-effect conclusion. 17. This was an experimental study so we conclude that wearing a suit jacket caused a male customer a. to be addressed faster. b. The male customers (and diners) were not selected from a larger population, so we cannot conclude that there was a cause-and-effect relationship. c. This was an observational study. Since random assignment was not used, we cannot conclude that getting addressed faster was caused by wearing a suit jacket d. Since this was a controlled observational study we can conclude that there was a cause-and-effect relationship. [Objective: Understand research papers and statistical reports] Which of the following is not an important principle that should always be kept in mind when reading research articles containing statistical research results? 18. a. Don't rely solely on the conclusions of any single paper b. Be wary of conclusions based on very complex statistical or mathematical models. c. Stick to peer-reviewed journals. d. All of the above are important principles

Answer 1

Answer:

16)

Option B

The male customers (and diners) were not selected from a larger population, so the results cannot be generalized beyond the sample

10)

Option D

Since this was a controlled observational study we can conclude that there was a cause-and-effect relationship