Question

3. Justice and the Health Care System- Explain: (a) the Master-List/Code System, (b) how this arose from a free-market (commodificd) form of health care, and then juxtapose this with (c) the argument that health care is a "Right."

Answer 1

Instead of cast, creed, religion, values, beliefs, socioeconomic status health care is equal to all. All citizens having the right to access health care. But nowadays also there is an issue that is ongoing regarding the health disparities are showing over the underserved population. As a right, we have to show the health equity as :

*All people should be valued equally

*Health is a particular value for each and every individual universally*

*Every person is having the right to access the care instead of any discrimination or marginalization.

*Each society has to give special importance to the health

*Acceptable international standards of human rights obligate governments to promote and respect the human right to highest obtainable health.

*Allocate resources crucial to health fairly

*Health equity is the expectation that underlies an obligation to reduce and finally eradicate health disparities.

a) In the U.S health system, they are maintaining some Code List, and that is updating annually. The accepted code lists are the following such as :

Current Procedural Terminology (CPT)

Healthcare Common Procedure Coding System (HCPCS)

This code system will identify all the items and services included within certain Designated Health Services (DHS).

The DHS categories Code List are:

*Clinical Laboratory Services

*Physical therapy services, occupational therapy services, outpatient speech-language pathology services

*Radiology and certain other imaging services

*Radiation therapy and supplies

b) In accordance with the updated code list of CPT and HCPCS, thus they can make changes in the Medical coverage and payment policies. Each and every year the updated code list is published in Federal Register as an addendum to the annual Physician Fee Schedule final rule. Coding allows administrations to look at the prevalence and effectiveness of treatment in their facility

*ICD code:(International Classification of Diseases):

These are codes that create a uniform vocabulary for describing the causes of injury, illness, and death.

In the billing process, these codes are used to determine medical necessity.

HCPCS codes primarily correspond to services, procedures, and equipment not covered by CPT codes

HCPCS codes are involved in Medicaid and Medicare and it is one of the most important code a medical coder can use.

c) surely I agree with this statement that "Health care is a Right"

All are subjective to illness and all are human beings and it is in the public interest to provide public health care as a right.

All citizens have a right to health care and health care is right to an extent.

To deny health care is to impede on the right to life

But still, the argument is going on regarding that the health care is a "Right".

Surely it is a right to all instead of anything(Caste, creed, religion, beliefs, values, socioeconomic status etc)

Health care is not a privilege and only reserved for those who can afford it.

Every person is having the right to access the care instead of any discrimination or marginalization.