Question

IN BULLET POINTS PLEASE

What are the different drug prototypes called "bronchodilators" and how do they differ in their mechanism of action to achieve a pharmacotherapeutic effect? What laboratory tests should a nurse monitor in a client taking a beta 2 adrenergic agonist like albuterol? What is the relationship between smoking and COPD? How do asthma and COPD differ? What role can complementary and integrative medicine interventions have on pain? How does morphine achieve its pharmacotherapeutic effect for analgesia?

Answer 1

Bronchodilators are commonly prescribed drugs for patient with COPD

Bronchodilators relax the muscles area around the airway and patient can take breath easy

Bronchodilators are 3 types

1 Beta adrenergic agonist

2 antichloinergics

3 theophylline

They provide two types of action

1 short acting eg.albuterol,ipratropium

Used for mild COPD ,produce effect within 15-30 min for 4-6 hr

2 long acting bronchodilators produce long term effect for 12-20 hr,used for frequent symptoms eg formoterol,salmeterol

Albuterol is short acting bronchodilator major side effect is hypersensitivity to sympathomimetrics and cation with cardiac disease,DM,HTN etc

If patient taking albuterol measure the therapeutic drug level by albuterol serum test/plasma test