Question

2. The function of the kidneys is indispensable, but an actual kidney is not. Why is that true? 3. Identify three urinary system disorders and identify which structure in the system is dysfunctional? Briefly explain each disorder.

Answer 1

2, Kidney do its normal function of removing waste products from the blood and regulating its fluids and water level. but when there is obstruction in the kidney or tubule the actual kidney tissue loss its function due to any causes may be an infection, block or enlarge prostate that leads to acute and chronic kidney damage.
3, Kidney stone
It is a urological disorder, it has specific abnormal result in regular and frequency stone recurrence that blocks the activation and make cellular dysfunction. Interstitial subepithelial deposits of calcium phosphate or calcium carbonate make renal papilla erode in the papillary surface can cause lesions, tubular cell death results in crystal deposition.
Overactive bladder
It causes the urge to urination known as incontinence. The brain sends signals for urination. overactive bladder causes the bladder muscle to contract involuntarily. It makes the sensation to urinate frequently even though the bladder is not full. when changes in brain activity disrupt the function of the brain-bladder control network, it cause decrease ability to postpone voiding and increase urgency.
Urinary incontinence:
Urinary incontinence is an involuntary loss of urine. Dysfunction of bladder or pelvic floor muscle due to any cause it leads to incontinence. when there is physical or cognitive impairmant it leads to information about bladder fullness. Damage to the endopelvic fascia and pelvic floor muscle decrease function or urinary sphincter, there are changes in the urothelium, urine composition and CNS cause urinary incontinence.