Question

Most older adults are not impaired, but are functional in the community, thereby benefitting from health-oriented interventions. As a nurse you are responsible for educating, promoting health and preventing illness.  Give a nursing action for each of the areas of concern when caring for the older adult.

1- Cognitive function-

2- Psychosocial needs-

3- Nutrition-

4 - Sleep and rest-

Answer 1

ANS)

1) Cognitive Function- Usually at the time of getting older many kinds of alterations happens in the cognition.The major alterations are reduction in cognitive function which need one to rapidly process or change details to create a choice,involving measures of rapidity of action,memory and administrative cognitive activity.But there are many ways to maintain the cognitive fitness of older people.They are,providing good and health-giving food,always try to make the mind very energetic,make the older people physically energetic,try to communicate with the older individuals as much as possible.These all can help to maintain the cognitive fitness in the older individuals.

2) Psychosocial needs- Emotional safety and attachment,getting respect from the community,feeling of self value and self esteem,sufficient food,dresses,protection and well-being are the essential psychosocial requirements of older individuals.

3) Nutrition- In the case of older individuals,the vitamin D and Calcium is very essential for keeping the bone strength.Vitamin B12 is also very essential for older individuals.By giving the cereals and meats,the older individuals can get the Vitamin B12. Fibers will really helps to reduce the heart problems in the older individuals and can avoid the risk of being diabetic. The fruits and vegetables have a large reserve of potassium and the potassium have the ability to reduce the increased Blood Pressure level.

4) Sleep and Rest- In the older individuals there will be a great change in the sleeping models.Some of the usual changes are,sleeping soon and awake soon,reduced sleep,interrupted sleep.But up to a level this sleeping problems can be avoided in the older individuals . increasing the melatonin amount in the body-melatonin is a hormone which is essential for you to get sleep and can be increased by avoiding artificial lights,avoid large sounds and make darkness in the room where the older individuals sleep,request the older individuals to go to bed early in the night and which can reduce the usage of sleeping pills and can helps to get good sleep and lastly tell the older individuals to avoid alcohol consumption before sleeping.

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