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Case Studies STUDY 1 CASE Dr. Roberts was summoned to the emergency department to see a 34-year-old man who was brought in co
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1) Epidural hematoma is defined as collection of blood between skull and the brain. It occurs secondary to head injury results in damage to brain cells,tissues and blood vessels. The common etiology of epidural hematoma includes falls,head injury resulting from accidents, physical assault, excessive alcohol consumption, hypertension, intake of blood thinners for prolonged time.

Epidural space is a space that lies between dura mater and the skull. Any injury results in damage to the skull, once there is a skull and brain injury and brain started to expand secondary to damage and leads to compression of good vessels and rupture of middle meningeal artery. It predisposed to increases intracranial pressure and cranial nerve III (Occulo motor nerve) injury and pooling of blood in the epidural space.

2) Surgical management involves the removal of epidural hematoma. Craniotomy is done to evacuate the hematoma. The procedure involved the opening of the skull as a flap and proceed to evacuate epidural hematoma. Neurosurgeons uses magnification glasses and lens in order to visualize delicate nerves and vessels.

3) Skin incision is normally made behind the hair line. The neurosurgeon prepare the scalp with an antiseptic solutions before making a skin incision. The skin and muscles in the skull id lifted and then a small burr hole is made by drilling the skull. A bone window is made to expose the brain and evacuation is done to remove the tumor. The replacement of bone flap is done after the tumor removal.

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