Question

what evidence do you have that TPGS-750M increases the reaction rate? How does TPGS-750M act to increase the reaction rate?

**green chemistry

Answer 1

TPGS-750M :

It is a second generation Amphiphile ( Chemical compound which shows both hydrophilic and lipophilic properties. It consists of $\alpha$- tocopherol , MPEG-750 and succinic acid. It is used in metal catalysed cross coupling reactions in water. TPGS-750M forms micelles when dissolved in water. TPGS-750M is a second generation surfactant which have physical properties which promotes broader aspect of chemistry in water as transition metal catalyzed cross-coupling is conducted in water instead of any other organic solvent. Conducting transition metal catalyzed cross-coupling in water also have other benefits like cost and environmental impact.

0 Me (whidh enably Reaesriong to dahe plasr in watea

TPGS-750M is non-toxic - it's hydrophillic portion consists of Poly(ethylene glycol), which is used in medicine and hydrophobic portion is composed of $\alpha$-tocopherol which is a vitamin E.

TPGS-750 M conducts reaction under lower temperature then the reactions carried out in organic solvents.

Micelles are in nanometer range. There is a strong polarity present between hydrophillic surface and hydrophobic part of micelle Which results in the solubilization of non-polar and polar reagents. Because of solubilization reactants becomes more concentrated in the micelle than in the surrounding water which leads to the accelaration of reaction rates. Micellar systems are considered as microheterogeneous two-phase systems. TPGS-750 M is a very good micellar catalyst because of which it increases the reaction rate.

SYNTHESIS OF TPGS-750 M IS SHOWN BELOW :

SYNTHESIS OF TPhS- 50-M:- 3' 5 62, 5h Toulme PE G-5-M Ts OH