Question

Weight loss, appropriate diet, and exercise were recommended to reduce blood glucose levels. 1. List the factors contributing to diabetes mellitus in this case. At age 50, Mr. F. noticed that his vision was cloudy, particularly in one eye. Cataracts were removed from both eyes. 2. Describe a cataract, and explain how diabetes promotes cataract formation. 3. Glyburide (DiaBeta) was prescribed at this time. Describe the action of this drug. At age 56, a blister developed on the heel of one foot, which did not heal. An ulcer formed and persisted. Finally the foot was placed in a cast for 13 weeks to promote healing 4. Explain several factors contributing to the delayed healing in Mr. F 5. Why was it necessary in this case to remove the cast and replace it each week? Peripheral neuropathy with total loss of sensory function had developed in both feet. Motor function was not directly affected. Orthopedic shoes were ordered and arrangements made for a podiatrist to provide regular foot care. 6. Why is it essential that Mr. F. examine his feet carefully each day? At this time body weight had again increased substantially and blood pressure was elevated. Fosinopril (Monopril) was prescribed, along with recommendations for weight loss and regular exercise. 7. Describe the usual manifestations of hypertension. At age 60, routine monitoring during a workout at the health club indicated atrial fibrillation. During consultation, the cardiolo- gist also noted his blood pressure was very high. 8. State the purpose of the following medications prescribed at this time (see Chapter 18): fosinopril (Monopril), atorvastatin (Lipitor), amlodipine (Norvasc), warfarin (Coumadin), and sotalol (Sotacor). Since that time, continued regular exercise and dietary modification have maintained weight at recommended levels. Blood pressure is within normal range, HbA is below 7, and atrial fibrillation is controlled. 9. What does this HbAs value mean? 10. Why does Mr. F. bruise easily? What precautions would be advisable at this time? 11. Briefly review the effects of diabetes over time in this case

Answer 1

1) The factors contributing to Diabetes mellitus are his Obesity,poor dietary habit and lack of activity and age

2)Opacity of the lens is called as cataract .In lay man term cloudiness of the lens which decreases the vision level

3) The mechanism of action of Glyburide

4) The several factors contributing to his delayed wound healing are diabetes which if not under controll inhibits the action of wound healing process in the body. Lack of exercise is an additional cause because exercise rejuvenates cells .