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12. (10 pts) Fluoride ions dissolved in drinking water can be detected using aluminum chloride and an indicator that reacts w
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Answer #1

Given, the net ionic equation,

AlCl3 + 6F-\rightarrow AlF63- + 3Cl-

Also given,

Volume of sample of normal tap water = 0.150 L

Fluoride concentration in tap water = 1.00 mg /L

Concentration of AlCl3 solution = 3.00 x 10-4 M

Now, Firstly calculating the number of moles of fluoride in 0.150 L of tap water,

= 0.150 L x (1.00 mg / 1 L) x (1g / 1000 mg) x ( 1 mol /19 g)

= 7.8947 x 10-6 moles of fluoride

Now, Using the calculated moles of fluoride and mole ratio from the balanced chemical reaction, calcualting the number of moles of AlCl3 required to react.

= 7.8947 x 10-6 moles of fluoride x ( 1 mol of AlCl3 / 6 mol of fluoride ions)

= 1.3158 x 10-6 moles of AlCl3 are required.

Now, using the given concentration of AlCl3 and the calculated moles of AlCl3, calculating the volume of AlCl3 required,

We know,

Molarity = number of moles / L of solution

3.00 x 10-4 M =1.3158 x 10-6 moles of AlCl3 / L of solution

Volume of AlCl3 in L = 0.004386 L x ( 1000 mL / 1L)

Volume of AlCl3 solution required = 4.38 mL Or 4.39 mL

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