2. Consider the relation E on Z defined by E n, m) n+ m is even} equivalence relation (a) Prove that E is an (b) Let n...
(i) Prove that the realtion in Z of congruence modulo p is an equivalence relation. Namesly, show that Rp := {(a,b) € ZxZ:a = 5(p)} is reflexive, symmetric and transitive. (ii) Let pe N be fixed. Show that there are exactly p equivalence classes induced by Rp. (iii) Consider the relation S E N defined as: a Sb if and only if a b( i.e., a divides b). Prove that S is an order relation. In other words, S :=...
Let H-{2m : m ajbe H. (a) Show that R is an equivalence relation. (b) Describe the elements in the equivalence class [3] Z). A relation R is defined on the set Q+ of positive rational numbers by R b if Let H-{2m : m ajbe H. (a) Show that R is an equivalence relation. (b) Describe the elements in the equivalence class [3] Z). A relation R is defined on the set Q+ of positive rational numbers by R...
2. Let f : A ! B. DeÖne a relation R on A by xRy i§ f (x) = f (y). a. Prove that R is an equivalence relation on A. b. Let Ex = fy 2 A : xRyg be the equivalence class of x 2 A. DeÖne E = fEx : x 2 Ag to be the collection of all equivalence classes. Prove that the function g : A ! E deÖned by g (x) = Ex is...
3. (8 points) Let R be the relation defined on Z as follows: For every m,n ez, m Rn4|(m– n). Is R an equivalence relation? If so, prove it. If not, explain which properties of an equivalence relation fails by providing a counterexample for each property that is not satisfied.
Please answer all!! 17. (a) Let R be the relation on Z be defined by a R b if a² + 1 = 62 + 1 for a, b e Z. Show that R is an equivalence relation. (b) Find these equivalence classes: [0], [2], and [7]. 8. Let A, B, C and D be sets. Prove that (A x B) U (C x D) C (AUC) Ⓡ (BUD).
Problem 7. Fix a natural number n € N, and let en denote the equivalence relation "modulo n" on Z defined by x =n y if and only if n|y-r. axun (a) (6 points) Prove that pe N is prime, and if a, b € Z with a? Ep 62, then either a = b or a =p -b. (b) (4 points) Provide a counterexample showing the result in (a) may fail when p is not prime. That is, find...
6. Let R be the relation defined on Z by a Rb if a + b is even. Show that Ris an equivalence relation.
1) Let R be the relation defined on N N as follows: (m, n)R(p, q) if and only if m - pis divisible by 3 and n - q is divisible by 5. For example, (2, 19)R(8,4). 1. Identify two elements of N X N which are related under R to (6, 45). II. Is R reflexive? Justify your answer. III. Is R symmetric? Justify your answer. IV. Is R transitive? Justify your answer. V.Is R an equivalence relation? Justify...
1. Define a relation on Z by aRb provided a -b a. Prove that this relation is an equivalence relation. b. Describe the equivalence classes. 2. Define a relation on Z by akb provided ab is even. Use counterexamples to show that the reflexive and transitive properties are not satisfied 3. Explain why the relation R on the set S-23,4 defined by R - 11.1),(22),3,3),4.4),2,3),(32),(2.4),(4,2)) is not an equivalence relation.
Prove that Z/ ≡3 has exactly three elements using the given hint! Definition: Let R be an equivalence relation on the set A. The set of all equivalence classes is denoted by A/R (g) Prove that Z/ has exactly three elements. Hint: First, verify that [5]3, [7]3, and [013 are three different elements of Z/-3-Then, verify that every m E Z is in one of these sets. Then explain why those two facts imply that [5]3, [7 3, and [013...