Question

1. What is "addiction"? Discuss how addiction affects family and friends What differentiates a "process" (or behavioral) addiction from a substance abuse addiction? What are the differences in treatment? Which addiction sees the most success in recovery? 2. Dišcuss the current theory that explains how drugs work in the brain. (Why and how do drugs work?) Explain the terms "synergism" and "antagonism" 3. What types of programs do you think would be effective in preventing drug abuse among high school and college students? 4.

Answer 1

1. Addiction is an individual's physical or psychological need to use or do something until it reaches a point where it becomes harmful. Physically or mentally when a patient or one of our family member is sick it directly affects the family and friend circle. In addiction ,the negative activities or behaviors of the individual carried out in a capacity that heavily affects their loved ones .It may result in :-

- loss of relationship

- loss of responsibility of caretaker

- abuse

- risk of other medical conditions

- parents addiction exposes children to damaging influences

- emotional turmoils and negative mindset.

- becoming isolated from the family

- having no financial support

2. The main difference between behaviour addiction and substance abuse addiction is behaviour addiction means addiction to certain behavior or activity like for example internet addiction is a behavior addiction in which individual is addicted to increased amount or time of internet usage than what the other normal people use .

Substance abuse addiction is when a person uses or takes a substance like a drug to get a certain level of pleasure or satisfaction , person keep on using it until it reaches the desired effects and ultimately reaches harmful point.

Treatment option of behavior and substance abuse addiction are different . Therapy for behaviour addiction includes:-

- detoxification

- group therapy which has two subtypes

1) cognitive behavioural therapy

2) multidimensional family therapy

- motivational interviewing

- motivational incentives

- holistic activities

Treatment for substance abuse include :-

-individual and group counselling

- inpatient treatment

- medications

- peer support

- family therapy

- partial hospital program

- intensive outpatient program

- recovery support services

- prevention programs in school and college ,media etc.

There is no huge difference in the success rate of both addiction. There are chances of relapse in both ,but there is a pretty much good recovery rate of behaviour addiction as compared to substance abuse.

3.Brain is one of the vital organs which is composed of many cells called neurons the functional unit. It has different parts and lobes which performance different tasks . Drugs affects the normal transmission of neurons , signals from one neuron to another by affecting the neurotransmitters. Some of the drugs mimic as neurotransmitters and activates neurons and lead to abnormal messages being send through the network. Other dugs cause release of extremely high amount of neurotransmitters which also lead to abnormal transmission of nerve impulse and quivering of brain .

Synergism means the interaction of two or more substance to produce a combined effect greater than the sum of their separate effects.

Antagonism means a drug that binds to receptors in brain and block the effect of agonist( which stimulates the receptors and cause a reaction).

4. Types of programs to prevent substance abuse in school and college students are :-

- Health education

- enforcement of strict rules and laws

- restrictions of bars and other facility around the campus.

- provision of interactive stress free study sessions

- establishment of separate cell for stress management as stress is one the main reason for substance abuse.

- support groups

- stigma free and no isolation of students in the campus .