Question

Add curved arrows to the reactants in this reaction. A double-barbed curved arrow is used to represent the movement of a pair of electrons. Add curved arrows to the reactants to indicate the movement of electrons in this reaction.

Answer 1

Concepts and reason

Carboxylic acid reacts with a base and forms a carboxylate ion and a water molecule. The base removes a proton from the carboxylic acid and forms a carboxylate ion.

Amines react with an acid (HCl) to form protonated amine and halide ion. The lone pair on nitrogen abstracts the proton (hydrogen) from HCl and forms the corresponding products.

The base abstracts the proton from an acid and forms a new bond to the proton of the acid. The acid (HA) loses proton and forms an electron pair on A.

The loss of proton from an acid gives a conjugate base and gain of proton by the base gives a conjugate acid.

Fundamentals

The proton is nothing but the hydrogen atom. In the mechanism, the curved arrow shows the movement of the electron pair. Curved arrow is represented as:

The tail of the arrow begins at an electron pair and the head represents that moving of electron pair.

The reaction is as follows:

The reaction is as follows:

Ans:

The curved arrow representation for the given reaction is as follows:

Thus, the curved arrow representation for the given reaction is as follows: