Question

If a solid line represents a covalent bond and a dotted line represents intermolecular attraction, which...

If a solid line represents a covalent bond and a d

If a solid line represents a covalent bond and a dotted line represents intermolecular attraction, which of these choices shows a hydrogen bond? Check all that apply.

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Answer #1
Concepts and reason

A covalent bond is formed by sharing of an electron pair between two atoms.

A hydrogen bond is a weak electrostatic force of attraction between hydrogen atom attached to high electronegative atom of a molecule and an electronegative atom of another molecule.

Fundamentals

Hydrogen bond is represented with a dotted line and covalent bond is represented with a solid line.

The hydrogen atom has dotted line bond on side and solid line bond on other side. The atoms both sides to hydrogen atom must be high electronegative atoms like F, N, and O.

A covalent bond is formed between atoms of similar electronegativity.

The dotted line bond in the following structure is a hydrogen bond as it is formed between hydrogen atom attached to high electronegative O atom of one molecule and high electronegative atom N of another molecule.

-N----H O-
Hydrogen bond

The dotted line bond in the following structure is not a hydrogen bond.

O- H C
Not a hydrogen bond

The dotted line bond in the following structure is not a hydrogen bond.

C-H F
Not a hydrogen bond

The bond is a solid line bond and both atoms in the bond are of same element.

Н—н
Not a hydrogen bond

Ans:

The dotted line bond in the first structure from top to bottom is a hydrogen bond.

The dotted line bonds in the second and third structures from top to bottom are not hydrogen bonds. The solid line bond in the last structure from top to bottom is not a hydrogen bond and it is a covalent bond.

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