Question

Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is the main "energy currency" used in cells. ATP hydrolysis is coupled with unfavorable reactions, making the net change in energy for the set of reactions less than zero (favorable). Although ATP is the main energy currency, other molecules can fulfill this role and take part in coupled reactions. Determine whether each of the phrases or examples describes a thioester, reduced cofactor, or phosphorylated compound:

Acetyl CoA, Ubiquinol, Phosphocreatine, the Sulfur-Carbon bond is hydrolyzed, These compounds yield H2PO4- upon hydrolysis, These compounds accept e- during the oxidation of substrates and energy is released when they are oxidized.

Please sort those phrases under "thioester," "reduced cofactor," or "phosphorylated compound," and explain why for each choice!

Answer 1

Concepts and reason

This problem is based on the concept of ATP, Cofactors, thioesters, phosphorylated compounds. Living beings require a continuous input of free energy for several purposes like macromolecule synthesis for mechanical work and many other things.

Fundamentals

Cofactors are the small molecules which catalyses many reactions in association with enzymes.

Thoisters are the compounds which contains a thioester bond that is S-C bond.

ATP is a nucleotide consisting of an adenine base, a ribose sugar and a triphosphate unit.

Sulfur - carbon bond hydrolysis and formation of acetyl coenzyme A comes under the category of thioester.

Ubiquinol and accept electron during oxidation of substrate are the phrases which can be classified under the category of reduced cofactors.

Compounds yield H2PO4 upon hydrolysis and phosphocreatine comes under the category of phosphorylated compounds.

Ans:

The appropriate classification of the given phrases is shown below:

Thioester: Sulfur -Carbon bond is hydrolysed; acetyl CoA.

Reduced cofactors: Ubiquinol; accepts electron during oxidation of substrate.

Phosphorylated compounds: Compounds yield H2PO4 upon hydrolysis; phosphocreatine.