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2. Consider a simple linear regression model for a response variable Yi, a single predictor variable ri, i-1,... , n, and having Gaussian (i.e. normally distributed) errors Ý,-BzitEj, Ejį.i.d. N(0, σ2) This model is often called regression through the origin since E(Yi) 0 if xi 0 (a) Write down the likelihood function for the parameters β and σ2 (b) Find the MLEs for β and σ2, explicitly showing that they are unique maximizers of the likelihood function. (Hint: The function g(x)-log(x) + 1-x for x 〉 0 takes only nonpositive values.) (c) Compute the mean and variance of β, the MLE for /8. in your own words, what does the Gauss-Markov theorem tell us about this variance? (d) Let Yi -Bxi be the fitted values and e-Yi - Yi the residuals. Compute TL (e) Propose an unbiased estimator for ơ2 based on your answer to part d)

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